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Works in Darwin's private library are marked with "*". Bracketed annotations describe their condition and provenance.Key


The references listed in this section ("Top") have no author information associated with them; they are in date order.


   *. 1770. A dictionary of the English language. 4th ed. London: W. Strahan. [Down, S of Josiah Wedgwood]

   * 1816-1830. Dictionnaire des sciences natur-elles, planches. Paris: F.G. Levrault. [CUL]

   *. 1817; 1823. Journal of a horticultural tour through some parts of Flanders, Holland and the north of France in the autumn of 1817. Edinburgh; London: Bell and Bradfute; Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown. [CUL]

   *. 1822-1831. Dictionnaire classique d’histoire naturelle. Paris: Rey & Gravier. [Down, pre-B, on B, S in vol. 1]

   *. 1823. A dictionary of chemistry. London: Thomas Tegg. [CUL, pre-B, S]

   *. 1824-26. Natural history. London: Whittaker. [Down, pre-B]

   *. 1827. Die hühner und pfauzenzucht in ihren ganzen umfange. Ulm: F. Ebnerschen. [CUL, pre-B]

   *. 1828. Enten, schwanen und gänsezucht. Ulm: Ebnerschen Buchhandlung. [CUL]

   *. 1828-1830. The farrier and naturalist. London: Simpkin & Marshall. Edited by a member of the Zoological Society of London. [CUL, pre-B]

   *. 1829. Conversations on vegetable physiology. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green. [Botany School, pre-B, FD, E. Catherine Darwin in vol. 1]

   *. 1831. Dictionary of the Spanish and English languages. Vol. 1. 5th ed. London: Longman, Rees & Co. [CUL, pre-B]

   *. 1837 and 1840. L’institut: Sciences mathématiques, physiques et naturelles. [CUL]

   *. 1838. Bible. Cambridge: The Pitt Press. [Down, the family Bible]

   *. 1839. Catalogue of the scientific books in the library of the Royal Society. London: Richard & John E. Taylor. [CUL, S]

   *. 1845. Descriptive and illustrated catalogue of the fossil organic remains of Mammalia and Aves contained in the Museum of the Royal College of England. London: Richard & John E. Taylor. [Down, I by President and Council]

   *. 1846. Catalogue of the books and maps in the library of the Geological Society of London. London: R. & J.E. Taylor. [CUL]

   *. 1854. Psychological enquiries. London: Longman, Brown, Green & Longman. [CUL]

   *. 1857. Plans of the various lakes and rivers between Lake Huron and the river Ottawa. Toronto: John Lovell. [Down, I by M. Logan]

   1860. [Account of a meeting between Hooker and Wilberforce]. The Anthenaeum 2: 64–65.

   *. 1866. International horticultural ex-hibition and botanical congress. London: Truscott, Son & Simmons. [Down]

   *. 1868. Principles of organic life. London: Robert Hardwicke. [Down, S]

   *. 1868. A sketch of a philosophy, part 2: Matter and molecular morphology. London: Williams & Norgate. [Down]

   1869. Discussion of Coues, ‘On variation in the genus Aegiothus’. Proceedings of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences p. 72.

   1870. Before the French Academy. Nature 2: 298.

   *. 1870. Natural science, religious creeds and scripture truth. Edinburgh & London: William Blackwood & Sons. [Down, I by publisher]

   1870. [Report of a meeting of the French Academy]. Revue des Cours Scientifiques 7: 513.

   1871. Darwin’s ’Descent of Man’. Monthly Religious Magazine 45: 501–507.

   1871. Darwin’s ’Descent of Man’. Old and New 3: 594–600.

   1871. [Discussion of The Descent of Man]. Independent 23: 6.

   1871. Discussion of Meehan, “bud varieties”. Proceedings of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences pp. 112–113.

   1871. Evolution and theology. Radical 9: 375–385.

   *. 1871-1872. A dictionary of chemistry. 2nd ed. London: Longmans, Green & Co. [Down]

   *. 1872. Domestic medicine, a handbook. London: Bell & Daldy. [Down]

   *. 1872. Our blood relations. London: Sipkin, Marshall & Co. [Down]

   *. 1873. Congrès international d’anthropologie et d’archéologie préhistorique (bologna, 1871). Bologna: Fava & Gavagnani. [Down, I by Cappellini (secretary of conference)]

   *. 1876. Das kind: Tagebuch eines vaters. 2nd ed. Leipzig: H. Hartung & Sohn. [CUL, I]

   *. 1876. Public libraries in the United States of America. Washington: Government Printing Office. [Down, S]

   *. 1877. The survival. London: Remington & Co. [Down, I by publisher]

   1877. The American Naturalist. Nation 25: 137.

   1878. Bulletin des Sociétés Savantes. La Revue Scientifique, 2nd ser. 15: 141.

   *. 1878. Catalogue of the Chiroptera in the collection of the British Museum. London: The Trustees. [Down, I]

   *. 1878. Natuurkundige verhandeligen van de hollandsche maatschappij der wetenschappen, te haarlem. Part 3, 3 ed. Haarlem: De Erven Loosjes. [containing]

   *. 1878. The supernatural in nature. London: C. Kegan Paul & Co. [Down]

   1879. The dangers of Darwinism. Popular Science Monthly 15: 68–71.

   1879. Do our colleges teach evolution? Independent 31: 14–15.

   *. 1879-1882. Encyclopaedie der naturwissenschaften. Breslau: Trewendt. [Down]

   1880. Scientific teaching in the colleges. Popular Science Monthly 16: 556–559.

   *. 1880-81. Fauna und flora des golfes von neapel, monografien 1–4. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [Botany School]

   1882. Hommage à Darwin. La Revue Scientifique, 3d ser. 4: 829.

   1882. Mort de Ch. Darwin. Bulletins de la Société d’Anthropologie, 3d ser. 5: 348.

   1882. [Notice of Charles Darwin’s death]. Académie des Sciences: Comptes Rendus 94: 1215.

   *. n.d. The British Aviary. London: Dean and Munday. [CUL]

   *. n.d. The gooseberry growers’ register for the year 1862. Macclesfield: C. Leicester. [CUL]

   *. n.d. The rabbit book. London: Journal of horticulture. [CUL]

   *. n.d. Thoughts on the mental functions. Edin-burgh: Oliver & Boyd. [Down, I]

   ———. n.d. Wanderings through the conservatories at Kew. London: Society for promoting Christian knowledge. [Down]

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Works in Darwin's private library are marked with "*". Bracketed annotations describe their condition and provenance.Key


   *Abercrombie, John. 1838. Inquiries concerning the intellectual powers and the investigation of truth. 8th ed. London: John Murray. [CUL]

   *Abernethy, John. 1822. Physiological lectures, exhibiting a general view of Mr Hunter’s Physiology, and of his researches in comparative anatomy. 2nd ed. London: Longman, Hurst Rees, Orme & Brown. [ED, 352pp, CUL]

   *Acébla, Alexandre. 1878. Les impiétés. Paris: A. Ghio. [Down]

   *Acharius, Erik. 1803. Methodus qua omnes detectos Lichens. Stockholm: F.D.D. Ulrich. [Down, ED]

   *Adams, Andrew Leith. 1873. Field and forest ramblers. London: Henry S. King & Co. [CUL, I by author]

   Adams, Charles Baker. 1849-1852. Hints on the geographical distribution of animals, with special reference to the Mollusca. Contributions to Conchology 1.

   Adams, Henry and Arthur Adams. 1853-8. The genera of recent mollusca; arranged according to their organisation. 3 vols. London: John Van Voorst. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1825.

   Adanson, M. 1772. Examen de la question, si les espêces changent parmi les plantes. Mémoires de l’Academie des Sciences. Institut de France pp. 31–48.

   Adanson, Michel. 1763. Familles des plantes. Vol. 2. Paris: Lehre, Cramer.

   Aeby, Christian. 1867. Die Schäedelformen des Menschen und der Affen. Leipzig: F. L. W. Vogel.

   Agardh, Jacob Georg. 1858. Theoria systematis plantarum; accedit familiarum phanerogamarum in series naturales dispositio, secundum structuræ normas et evolutionis gradus instituta. Lund, Sweden: C. W. K. Gleerup.

   Agassiz, Alexander. 1880. Paleontological and embryological development. American Journal of Science 120: 294–302, 375–389.

   *Agassiz, Alexandre. 1865. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, No. 2, Acalephae. Cambridge, Mass.: Sever & Francis. [Down, I]

   *———. 1872-1874. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum at Harvard College—Revision of the Echini. Cambridge, Mass. [Down]

   *———. 1877. North American starfishes. Cambridge, Mass. [Down, I]

   *———. 1882. The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, Part 9, Report on the Echinoidea. London: Longmans & Co. [Down, I]

   *Agassiz, Alexandre and L.F. Pourtalès. 1874. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College: Echini, Crinoids and corals. Cambridge, Mass. [Down]

   *Agassiz, Elizabeth and Alexandre. 1871. Seaside studies in natural history: Marine animals of Massachussets Bay: Radiates. Boston: James R. Osgood & Co. [Down, I]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1802

   Agassiz, Jean Louis Rudolphe. 1833-43. Recherches sur les poissons fossiles. 5 vols in 2. Neuchâtel: Petitpierre.

   ———. 1840. Études sur les glaciers. Neuchâtel: Jent & Gassmann.

   ———. 1840. On the development of the fish in the egg. Report of the Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. 10th Annual Meeting.

   ———. 1842. On the succession and development of organized beings at the surface of the terrestrial globe, being a discourse delivered at the inauguration of the Academy of Neuchatel. Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 23: 388–99.

   ———. 1845-55. A monograph of the British nudibranchiate Mollusca: With figures of all the species. 7 pts. London: Ray Society.

   ———. 1847. Nouvelles études et expériences sur les glaciers actuels, leur structure, leur progression et leur action physique sur le sol. Paris: Victor Masson.

   ———. 1848-54. Bibliographia zoologiæ et geologiæ. A general catalogue of all books, tracts, and memoirs on zoology and geology. Edited and enlarged by Hugh Edwin Strickland. 4 vols. London: Ray Society.

   ———. 1850. Lake Superior: its physical character, vegetation, and animals, compared with those of other and similar regions. Boston: Gould, Kendall and Lincoln.

   ———. 1857-62. Contributions to the natural history of the United States of America. 4 vols. Boston and London: Little, Brown, & Company and Trübner.

   ———. 1859. An essay on classification. London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1126.

   ———. 1874. Evolution and permanance of type. Atlantic Monthly 33: 92–101.

   ———. 1967. Studies on glaciers. New York: Hafner.

   *Agassiz, Louis. 1848. Nomenclatoris zoologici index universalis. Soloduri: Jent & Gassmann. [CUL]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1819

   *———. 1848-54. Bibliographia zoologiae et geologiae, corrected and edited by Hugh Strickland. London: The Ray Society. [Down]

   *———. 1850. Lake Superior: its character, vegetation, and animals, compared with those of other similar regions. Boston: Gould, Kendall & Lincoln. [CUL, I]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1827

   *———. 1863. Methods of study in natural history. Boston: Ticknor and Fields. [Down, I]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1832

   *———. 1869. Address delivered on the centennial anniversary of the birth of Alexander von Humboldt. Boston: Boston Society of Natural History. [Down]

   *———. 1869. De l’espèce et de la classification en zoologie. F. Vogeli, trans. Paris: Germer Baillière. [CUL]

   *———. 1880. Reports on the Florida reefs. Cambridge, Mass. [Down, I by Alexandre Agassiz]

   *———. n.d. Contributions to the natural history of the United States of North America. Vol. 1. [CUL, I]

   *Agassiz, Louis and Augustus Addison Gould. 1848. Principles of zoology: part 1, Comparative physiology. Boston: Gould, Kendall & Lincoln. [CUL]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1795

   Ajasson de Grandsagne, Jean Baptiste François Étienne. 1829-33. Histoire naturelle de Pline. 20 vols. Paris.

   Alberch, Pere, Stephen Jay Gould, George F. Oster, and David B. Wake. 1979. Size and shape in ontogeny and phylogeny. Paleobiology 5: 296–317.

   Albert, W. 1845. Authentische Thatsachen über die Verjüngung der Kartoffeln aus Samenkörnern, mit Berücksichtigung der unter denselben jetzt herrschenden Krankheiten. Magdeburg.

   Alder, Joshua and Albany Hancock. 1845-55. A monograph of the British Nudibranchiæ Mollusca: with figures of all the species. 7 pts. in 1 vol. London: Ray Society.

   *———. 1845-55. A monograph of the British Nudibranchiate Mollusca. London: The Ray Society. [CUL]

   *Allen, George James. 1877. A report on the Hydroida. Cambridge, Mass.: University Press. [Down, I by A. Agassiz]

   *Allen, Grant. 1877. Physiological aesthetics. London: Henry S. King & Co. [Down]

   *———. 1879. The colour sense: its origin and development. London: Trübner. [CUL]

   *———. 1880. Der Farbensinn. Leipzig: Ernst Günther. [Down]

   Allen, Joel. 1872. Geographical variation in North American birds. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 15: 212–219.

   ———. 1872. Remarks on the geographical variation of mammals and birds. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 15: 156–159.

   ———. 1877-1878. The influence of physical conditions in the genesis of species. Radical Review 1.

   ———. 1907. Mutations and the geographic distribution of nearly related species in plants and animals. American Naturalist 41: 653–655.

   *Allen, Joel Asaph. 1880. History of North American pinnipeds. Washington: Government printing office. [Down]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1921

   Allen, William and Thomas Richard Heywood Thomson. 1848. A narrative of the expedition sent by Her Majesty’s Government to the River Niger, in 1841. Under the command of Captain H. D. Trotter, R.N. 2 vols. London: R. Bentley.

   *Allman, George James. 1856. A monograph of the fresh-water Polyzoa. London: The Ray Society. [Down]

   *———. 1871-72. A monograph of the gymnoblastic or tubularian hydroids. London: The Ray Society. [Down]

   *Altum, Bernard and Hermann Landois. 1872. Zoologie. 2nd ed. Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder’sche Verlagshandlung. [Down]

   Alvarez, Luis, W. Alvarez, S. Asaro, and H. V. Michel. 1980. Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction. Science 208: 1095–1108.

   *Anderson, John. 1871. A report on the expedition to Western Yunan viâ Bhamô. Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government printing. [Down, I]

   *Andrew, J. and T. Smith, eds. 1875. Saint Bartholomew’s hospital reports. Vol. 11. London: Smith, Elder & Co. [Down, FD]

   *Angelin, Nils Peter. 1878. Iconographia crin-oideorum. Holmiae: Samson & Wallin. [Down]

   Anson, George. 1748. A voyage round the world, in the years 1740-4. London: John and Paul Knapton.

   Antonovics, Janis. 1987. The evolutionary dys-synthesis: Which bottles for which wine? The American Naturalist 129: 321–331.

   *Argyll, Duke of, Campbell George Douglas. 1869. Primeval man. London: Strachan & Co. [CUL]

   Argyll, George Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of. 1867. Primeval man: An examination of some recent speculations. London.

   ———. 1886. Organic evolution. Nature 34: 335–336.

   ———. 1888-1889. Acquired characters and congenital variations. Nature 41: 173–174.

   ———. 1898. Organic Evolution Cross-Examined. London: John Murray.

   *Argyll, George Douglas) Duke of, (Campbell. 1867. The reign of law. London: Alexander Strachan. [CUL, S]

   Ariew, André and R. C. Lewontin. 2004. The confusions of fitness. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 55: 347–363.

   *Aristotle. 1882. On the parts of animals. London: Kegan Paul, Trench & Co. [Down]

   *Arnott, Neil. 1833. Elements of physics or natural philosophy. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green. [Down]

   *Askenasy, Eugen. 1872. Beiträge zur Kritik der Darwin’schen Lehre. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [CUL]

   Asso y del Rio, Ignacio Jordán Claudio de. 1784. Introductio in oryctographiam, et zoologiam Aragoniæ accedit enumeratio stirpium in eadem regione noviter detectarum. [Amsterdam]: [C. Sommer].

   *Association, British. 1834. Report of the third meeting of the British Association for the advancement of science held at Cambridge in 1833. London: John Murray. [CUL, S]

   *———. 1842. Report of the eleventh meeting of the British Association for the advancement of science, held at Plymouth in July 1841. London: John Murray. [CUL]

   Astley, Thomas. 1745-7. A new general collection of voyages and travels . . . in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. 4 vols. London: T. Astley.

   Atkinson, Henry George and Harriet Martineau. 1851. Letters on the laws of man’s nature and development. London.

   *Aubuisson De Voisins, Jean François D’. 1814. An account of the basalts of Saxony, with observations on the origin of basalt in general. P. Neill, trans. Edinburgh: A. Constable & Co. [CUL, pre-B]

   *———. 1819. Traité de géognosie. Strasbourg & Paris: Levrault. [CUL S: C. Darwin HMS Beagle]

   Aubuisson de Voisins, Jean François de. 1819. Traité de géognosie. 2 vols. Strasbourg.

   Audubon, John James. 1827-38. The birds of America, from original drawings. 4 vols. London: John James Audubon.

   *———. 1831-39. Ornithological biography. Edinburgh: Adam Black. [CUL, B]

   ———. 1831-9. Ornithological biography, or an account of the habits of the birds of the United States of America accompanied by descriptions of the objects represented in the work entitled “The birds of America” and interspersed with delineations of American scenery and manners. 5 vols. Edinburgh: Adam Black; Adam & Charles Black.

   *Audubon, John James and John Bachman. 1846. The viviparous quadrupeds of North America. New York: J.J. Audubon. [CUL]

   ———. 1846-54. The viviparous quadrupeds of North America. 3 vols. New York.

   *Aveling, Edward. 1881. The student’s Darwin. London: Freethought Publishing Company. [Down, I]

   Avise, J. C. 1977. Is evolution gradual or rectangular? Evidence from living fishes. Proceedings. National Academy of Sciences (United States of America) 74: 5083–5087.

   Ayala, Francisco. 1974. Biological evolution: Natural selection or random walk? American Scientist 62: 692–701.

   ———. 1975. Genetic differentiation during the speciation process. Evolutionary Biology 8: 1–78.

   ———. 1975. Scientific hypotheses, natural selection, and the neutrality theory of protein evolution. In F. M. Salzano, ed., The Role of Natural Selection in Human Evolution. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co.

   Ayala, Francisco, ed. 1976. Molecular evolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.

   *Ayrault, Eugène. 1867. De l’industrie mulassière en Poitou. Niort: L. Clouzot. [CUL, I]

   Azara, Félix d’. 1801. Essais sur l’histoire naturelle des quadrupèdes de la province du Paraguay. 2 vols. Paris: Imprimerie de C. Pougens (Librarie de Mme Huzard).

   *Azara, Félix D’. 1801. Essais sur l’histoire naturelle des quadrupèdes de la province du Paraguay. Paris: Charles Pougens. [CUL, pre-B, B?]

   Azara, Félix d’. 1809. Voyages dans l’Amérique méridionale. 4 vols. Paris.

   *Azara, Félix D’. 1809. Voyages dans l’Amérique méridionale. Paris: Denton. [CUL, pre-B]

Darwin Digital Library of Evolution | Bibliography Home | PDF Version | Contact Information


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Works in Darwin's private library are marked with "*". Bracketed annotations describe their condition and provenance.Key


   *B., J.p. 1879. An essay on spiritual evolution. London: Trübner & Co. [Down]

   Babbage, Charles. 1837. The ninth Bridgewater treatise. A fragment. London.

   Babington, Charles Cardale. 1843. Manual of British botany: containing the flowering plants and ferns arranged according to the natural orders. London: John Van Voorst.

   *———. 1851. Manual of British botany. London: John Van Voorst. [CUL]

   Backhouse, James. 1844. A narrative of a visit to the Mauritius and South Africa. London: Hamilton, Adams, and Co.

   Baer, Karl Ernst von. 1828-37. Über Entwickelungsgeschichte der Thiere. Beobachtung und Reflexion. 2 vols in 1. Königsberg: Gebrüder Kornträger.

   ———. 1834. Das allgemeine Gesetz der Entwickelungsgeschichte der Natur. In Vorträge aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften und der Oekonomie gehalten vor einem Kreise gebildeter Zuhörer in der physikalisch-ökonomischen Gesellschaft zu Königsberg. Königsberg.

   ———. 1835. Untersuchungen über die Entwickelungsgeschichte der Fische; nebst einem Anhange über die Schwimmblase. Leipzig: F.C.W. Vogel.

   ———. 1873. The controversy of Darwinism. Augsburger Allegmeine Zeitung 130: 1968–1988.

   *Baerenbach, Friedrich Von. 1877. Das Problem einer Naturgeschichte des Weibes. Jena: Her-mann Duft. [CUL, I]

   *———. 1878. Gedanken über die Teleolgie in der Natur. Berlin: Theobald Grieben. [Down]

   *———. 1879. Prolegomena zu einer anthropologischen Philosophie. Leipzig: J.A. Barth. [Down, I]

   *Bagehot, Walter. 1872. Physics and politics. London: Henry S. King & Co. [Down, I, S]

   ———. 1872. Physics and politics: Or thoughts on the application of the principles of “natural selection” and “inheritance” to political society. London.

   *Baildon, Henry Bellyse. 1880. The spirit of nature. London: J. & A. Churchill. [Down, I]

   *Bain, Alexander. 1864. The senses and the intellect. London: Longman, Green, Longman, Rob-erts and Green. [CUL]

   *———. 1865. The emotions and the will. London: Longmans, Green & Co. [CUL]

   *———. 1875. The emotions and the will. 3rd ed. London: Longmans, Green & Co. [Down, card from author]

   Baird, William. 1850. The natural history of the British Entomostraca. London: Ray Society. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1807.

   *———. 1875. The natural history of the British Entomostraca. London: The Ray Society. [CUL]

   *Baker, J.g. 1875. Elementary lessons in botanical geography. London: Lovell, Reeve & Co. [CUL, I]

   Bakewell, Robert. 1813. An introduction to geology, illustrative of the general structure of the Earth. London.

   Baldwin, James Mark. 1902. Development and evolution, including psychophysical evolution, evolution by orthoplasy, and the theory of genetic modes. New York: The Macmillan Company. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1372.

   *Balfour, Francis Maitland. 1878. A monograph on the development of elasmobranch fishes. London: Macmillan & Co. [Down, I]

   *———. 1880. A treatise on comparative embryology. London: Macmillan & Co. [Down marks by FD]

   Balfour, John Hutton. 1849. A manual of botany; being an introduction to the study of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants. London and Glasgow: John Joseph Griffin (London) and Richard Griffin and Co. (Glasgow).

   ———. 1852-4. Class book of botany: being an introduction to the study of the vegetable kingdom. 2 pts. Edinburgh: A. and C. Black.

   *Ball, Valentine. 1880. Jungle life in India. London: Thos de la Rue & Co. [Down]

   Barbot, Jean. 1732. A description of the coasts of North and South Guinea; and of Ethiopia Inferior, vulgarly Angola: Being a new and accurate account of the western maritime countries of Africa. vol. 5 of Churchill, Awnsham, a collection of voyages and travels. In Collection of voyages and travels, some now first printed from original manuscripts, others now first published in English. London: Awnsham and John Churchill.

   *Barclay, John. 1822. An inquiry into the opinions, ancient and modern, concerning life and organization. Edinburgh: Bell and Bradfute. [CUL, pre-B, S]

   *Barker-Webb, Philip and Sabin Berthelot. 1840. Histoire naturelle des Îles Canaries. Paris: Béthune. [CUL]

   *Barrago, Francesco. 1869. L’Uomo fatto ad imagine di Dio fu anche fatto ad imagine della scienzia. Cagliari: Corveso di Sardegna. [Down, I]

   Barrande, Joachim. 1852-1911. Systême Silurien du centre de la Bohême. 8 vols in 29. Prague, Paris.

   *———. 1870. Defense de colonies. Prague: Chez l’auteur. [Down, I]

   *———. 1870. Distribution des Céph-alopodes. Prague: Chez l’auteur. [Down, I]

   *———. 1871. Trilobites. Prague: Chez l’au-teur. [Down, I]

   *———. 1877. Céphalopodes. Prague: Chez l’auteur. [Down, I]

   *———. 1879. Brachiopodes. Prague: Chez l’auteur. [Down, I]

   *———. 1881. Acéphalés. Prague: Chez l’auteur. [Down, I to CD erased and replaced by FD]

   Barrow, John. 1818. A chronological history of voyages into the Arctic regions (1818): undertaken chiefly for the purpose of discovering a North-east, North-west or Polar passage between the Atlantic and Pacificpassage between the Atlantic and Pacific. London.

   Bartholomew, John. 1864. Philips’ atlas of Australia, including a general map of the world; a series of maps, constructed from the latest and best authorities. London and Liverpool.

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   *Bowerbank, James Scott. 1864-1872. A monograph of the British Spongiadae. London: The Ray Society. [Down]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2038

   Bowler, Peter J. 1863. Geological evidences of the antiquity of man: With remarks on Theories of the origin of species by variation. London.

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   Braun, Alexander. 1872. Ueber die Bedeutung der Entwicklung in der Naturgeschichte. Berlin: Gustav Lange.

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   Braun, Alexander Carl Heinrich. 1851. Betrachtungen über die Erscheinung der Verjüngung in der Natur, insbesondere in der Lebens- und Bildungsgeschichte der Pflanze. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.

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   Brewster, David. 1855. Memoirs of the life, writings, and discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton. 2 vols. Edinburgh.

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   Brookes, Samuel. 1815. An introduction to the study of conchology: including observations on the Linnæan genera, and the arrangement of M. Lamarck, a glossary, and a table of English names. London: Richard and Arthur Taylor.

   Brooks, William Keith. 1883. The law of heredity: a study of the cause of variation and the origin of living organisms. Baltimore: John Murphy.

   ———. 1915. The foundations of zoology. 2nd ed. New York: Columbia University Press.

   Brougham, Henry Peter. 1839. Dissertations on subjects of science connected with natural theology: being the concluding volumes of the new edition of Paley’s work. 2 vols. London: C. Knight.

   *Brougham, Lord, Henry. 1839. Dissertations on subjects of science connected with natural theology. London: C. Knight & Co. [CUL]

   *Broun, Thomas. 1880. Manual of the New Zealand Coleoptera. Wellington: James Hughes. [Down]

   Brown, A. J. L. and C. H. Langley. 1979. Reevaluation of genic heterozygosity in natural populations of Drosophila melonogaster by two dimensional electrophoresis. Proceedings. National Academy of Sciences (United States of America) 76: 2381–2384.

   Brown, Robert. 1810. Prodromus floræ Novæ Hollandiæ et Insulæ Van-Diemen. Vol. 1 (no more published). London.

   ———. 1824. A list of plants, collected in Melville Island, by the officers of the expedition; with characters and descriptions of the new species. Appendix 2 in Parry, William Edward, Journal of a voyage for the discovery of a northwest passage. 1 vol. and supplement. 2nd ed. London.

   ———. 1831. Observations on the organs and mode of fecundation in Orchideæ and Asclepiadeæ. London: privately printed.

   *———. 1866-1868. The miscellaneous botanical works. London: The Ray Society. [Down]

   Brown-Séquard, Charles Édouard. 1860. Heredity transmission of an epileptiform affection, accidentally produced. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 10: 297–298.

   ———. 1875. On the hereditary transmission of effects of certain injuries to the nervous system. Lancet 1: 7–8.

   ———. 1882. Faits nouveaux établissant l’extrême frequence de la transmission par l’hérédité, d’états organiques morbides produit accidentellement chex des ascendents. Comptes Rendus à l’Académie des Sciences 94: 697–700.

   ———. 1892. Hérédité d’une affection due a une cause accidentelle. faits et arguments contre les explanations et les critques de Weismann. Archiv fuer die Physiologique 24: 686–688.

   ———. 1893. Transmission héréditaires des charactères acquis. Archiv fuer die Physiologique 25: 209–210.

   *Browne, James Crichton. 1871-1875. The West Riding lunatic asylum medical reports. London: J. & A. Churchill. [CUL]

   Bruce, James. 1813. Travels to discover the source of the Nile, in the years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772, & 1773. 7 vols. 3rd ed. Edinburgh.

   Bruguière, Jean Guillaume. 1789-92. Encyclopédie méthodique. Histoire naturelle des vers. 2 vols. Paris.

   *Bruguières, Jean Guillaume. 1789-1792. Encyclopédie Méthodique – histoire naturelle des vers. Paris: Panckoucke. [CUL, pre-B]

   *Brunton, Thomas Lauder. 1868. On digitalis, with some observations on the urine. London: John Churchill & Sons. [Down, I]

   *———. 1880. Pharmacology & therapeutics. London: Macmillan & Co. [Down, I]

   *———. 1881. The Bible and science. London: Macmillan & Co. [Down, I]

   Bryson, V. and H. J. Vogel, eds. 1965. Evolving Genes and Proteins. New York: Academic Press.

   Buch, Christian Leopold von. 1813. Travels through Norway and Lapland . . . Translated by John Black. With notes . . . by Robert Jameson. London.

   ———. 1825. Physicalische Beschreibung der Canarischen Inseln. Berlin.

   *Buch, Leopold Von. 1813. Travels through Norway and Lapland during the years 1806, 1807 and 1808. J. Black, trans. London: Henry Colburn. [CUL, on B,]

   *———. 1836. Description physique des Îles Canaries, suivie d’une indication des principaux volcans du globe. C. Boulanger, trans. Paris: F.G. Levrault. [CUL]

   Büchner, Friedrich Carl Christian Ludwig. 1855. Kraft und Stoff. Empirisch-naturphilosophische Studien. In Allgemein-verständlicher Darstellung. Frankfurt am Main: Weidinger.

   *Büchner, Ludwig. 1862. Aus Natur und Wis-senschaft. Leipzig: Theodor Thomas. [1862[CUL]

   *———. 1868. Sechs Vorlesungen über die Darwin’sche Theorie der Verwandlung der Arten. Leipzig: Theodor Thomas. [CUL]

   *———. 1869. Conférences sur la théorie darwinienne de la transmutation des espèces. A. Jacquot, trans. Paris: C. Reinwald. [CUL]

   *———. 1870. Die Stellung des Menschen in der Natur. Leipzig. [CUL]

   *———. 1872. Man in the past, present & future. W.S. Dallas, trans. London: Asher & Co. [CUL]

   *———. 1872. Sechs Vorlesungen über die Darwin’sche Theorie der Verwandlung der Arten. 2nd ed. Leipzig: Theodor Thomas. [CUL]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1346

   *———. 1876. Die Darwinsche Theorie von der Entstehung und Umwandlung der Lebe-Welt. Leipzig: Theodor Thomas. [CUL, I]

   *———. 1879. Liebe und Liebes-Leben in der Thierwelt. Berlin: Hofmann & Comp. [Down, I]

   *———. 1880. Mind in animals. 3rd ed. Annie Besant, trans. London: Freethought Publishing Co. [Down]

   *———. 1882. Die Macht der Vererb-ung. Leipzig: Ernst Günther. [CUL, I]

   *Bucke, Richard Maurice. 1879. Man’s moral nature. London: Trübner. [Down, I]

   Buckland, Francis Trevelyan. 1857. Curiosities of natural history. London: Richard Bentley.

   Buckland, William. 1820. Vindiciae Geologicae: Or the connexion of geology and religion explained. Oxford.

   ———. 1823. Reliquiae Diluvianae: Or observations of the organic remains contained in caves, fissures, and diluvial gravel, and other phenomena, attesting the action of a universal deluge. London: John Murray.

   ———. 1836. Geology and mineralogy considered with reference to natural theology. Sixth Bridgewater treatise. 2 vols. London.

   *Buckley, Arabella B. 1876. A short history of natural science. London: John Murray. [Down]

   *Buckton, George Bowdler. 1876-1883. Monograph of the British aphides. London: The Ray Society. [Down]

   Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, Comte de. 1749-1804. Histoire naturelle, générale et particulière, avec la description du cabinet du roy. 44 vols. Paris: de l’imprimerie royale.

   ———. 1770-83. Histoire naturelle des oiseaux. 9 vols. Paris: L’Imprimerie Royale.

   ———. 1793. The natural history of birds. 9 vols. London. From the French of the Count de Buffon. Illustrated with engravings. Includes a preface, notes, and additions by the translator.

   ———. 1830. The natural history of quadrupeds . . . translated from the French. 3 vols. Edinburgh.

   *Buller, Walter Lawry. 1873. A history of the birds of New Zealand. London: John Van Voorst. [CUL]

   Bumpus, H. C. 1896. The variations and mutations of the introduced sparrow, Passer domesticus. Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratories: Biological Lectures pp. 1–15.

   ———. 1898. The elimination of the unfit as illustrated by the introduced sparrow, Passer domesticus (a fourth contribution to the study of variation). Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratories: Biological Lectures pp. 209–226.

   Bunbury, Charles James Fox. 1848. Journal of a residence at the Cape of Good Hope; with excursions into the interior, and notes on the natural history, and the native tribes. London: John Murray.

   Bunge, M., ed. 1973. The Methodological Unity of Science. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.

   *Burbidge, Frederick William. 1877. Cultivated plants, their propagation and improvement. Edinburgh & London: William Blackwood & Sons. [CUL]

   *Burchell, William John. 1822. Travels in the interior of Southern Africa. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown. [Down, pre-B, S]

   ———. 1822-4. Travels in the interior of Southern Africa. 2 vols. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown.

   Burckhardt, John Lewis. 1819. Travels in Nubia. London.

   ———. 1822. Travels in Nubia. 2nd ed. London.

   ———. 1829. Travels in Arabia. 2 vols. London.

   *Burgess, Thomas Henry. 1839. The physiology or mechanism of blushing. London: John Churchill. [CUL]

   Buri, P. 1956. Gene frequency in small populations of mutant Drosophila. Evolution 10: 367–402.

   *Burke, Edmund. 1823. A philosophical inquiry into the origin of our ideas of the sublime and beautiful, with an introductory discourse concerning taste, and several other additions. London: Thomas M’Lean. [CUL.1900, I by G.V. Jackson]

   *Burmeister, Hermann. 1834. Beiträge zur Nat-urgeschichte der Rankenfüsser. Berlin: G. Rainer. [CUL]

   *———. 1846. The organization of trilobites. Bell & Forbes, trans. London: The Ray Society. [CUL]

   ———. 1854. Geschichte der Schöpfung. Leipzig: Otto Wigand.

   *———. 1870. Histoire de la création. E. Maupas, trans. Paris: F. Sary. [CUL]

   Burmeister, Karl Hermann Konrad. 1834. Beiträge zur Naturgeschichte der Rankenfüsser (Cirripedia). Berlin: G. Reimer.

   Burnes, Alexander. 1973. Travels into Bokhara. Orig. Pub. London, 1834. Facsimile reprint with an introduction by James Lunt. 3 vols. Karachi, London, and New York: Oxford University Press.

   Burney, James. 1803-1817. A chronological history of the discoveries in the South Sea or Pacific Ocean. 5 vols. London.

   *Busch, Otto. 1877. Arthur Schopenhauer: Beitrag zu einer Dogmatik der Religionslosen. Heidelberg: Fr. Bassermann. [Down]

   *———. 1878. Arthur Schopenhauer. München: Fr. Basserman. [Down, I]

   *Busch, Otto Arthur. 1877. Naturgeschichte der Kunst. Heidelberg: Fr. Bassermann. [Down, I]

   Bush, G. L. 1975. Modes of animal speciation. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 6: 339–364.

   Bush, G. L., S. M. Case, A. C. Wilson, and J. C. Patton. 1977. Rapid speciation and chromosomal evolution in mammals. Proceedings. National Academy of Sciences (United States of America) 74: 3942–3946.

   *Busk, British Museum (G. and J.e. Gray). 1852/1854. Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa in the collection of the British Museum. London: by order of the Trustees. [CUL]

   Busk, George. 1852-4. Catalogue of marine Polyzoa in the collection of the British Museum. 2 pts. London: Printed by order of the Trustees.

   Butler, Joseph. 1736. The analogy of religion, natural and revealed, to the constitution and course of nature. London.

   Butler, Samuel. 1879. Evolution, old and new: Or the theories of Buffon, Dr. Erasmus Darwin, and Lamarck, as compared with that of Mr. Charles Darwin. London: Hardwicke and Bogue.

   ———. 1916. Life and habit. 2nd ed. London.

   ———. 1920. Luck, or cunning, as the main means of organic modification? London.

   *Butler, Samuel a. 1818. A sketch of modern and ancient geography for the use of schools. 4th ed. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown. [CUL, pre-B, S]

   *———. 1879. Evolution old and new. London: Hardwick & Bogue. [Botany School, FD]

   *Bütschli, Otto. 1876. Studien über die ersten Entwicklungs vorgänge der Eizelle die Zelltheilung und die Conjugation der Infusorien. Frankfurt am Main: Christian Winter. [CUL, I]

   Byron, George Anson. 1826. Voyage of H.M.S. Blonde to the Sandwich Islands, in the years 1824–1825. London: John Murray.

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Works in Darwin's private library are marked with "*". Bracketed annotations describe their condition and provenance.Key


   Cabanis, Jean Baptiste. 1764. Essai sur les principes de la greffe, et sur les moyens de la faciliter et de la perfectionner. Paris.

   *Cabot, Louis. 1872-1881. The immature state of the Odonata. Cambridge, Mass.: University Press. [Down]

   Cain, A. J. 1954. Animal Species and Their Evolution. London: Hutchinson’s University Library.

   ———. 1977. The efficacy of natural selection in wild populations. In Changing Scenes in Natural Sciences, Special Publication 12, pp. 111–133. Academy of Natural Sciences.

   Cain, A. J. and J. D. Currey. 1963. Area effects in Cepaea. Philosophical Transactions. Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences. 246: 1–81.

   Cain, A. J. and P. M. Shepppard. 1950. Selection in the polymorphic land snail Cepaea nemoralis. Heredity 4: 275–294.

   ———. 1954. Natural selection in Cepaea. Genetics 39: 89–116.

   Caldcleugh, Alexander. 1825. Travels in South America, during the years 1819 . . . 21. 2 vols. London: John Murray.

   *Camerano, Lorenzo. 1880. La Scelta sessuale e i caratteri sessuali secondari nei coleotteri. Torino: Ermanno Loescher. [Down, I]

   Campbell, Bernard Grant. 1972. Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man, 1871-1971. Chicago: Aldine.

   Camper, Petrus. 1779. Account of the organs of speech of the orang outang. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 69: 155–156.

   *Candolle. n.d. Géographie botanique. Vol. 2. []

   *Candolle, & Candolle Casimir De, Alphonse De. 1878-1881. Monographia phanerogamarum. Paris: G. Masson. [Down, I in vol. 3]

   *Candolle, Alphonse De. 1855. Géographie botan-ique raisonnée. Paris: J. Kessmann. [CUL]

   Candolle, Alphonse de. 1855. Géographie botanique raisonnée ou exposition des faits principaux et des lois concernant la distribution géographique des plantes de l’époque actuelle. 2 vols. Paris: Victor Mason. Geneva: J. Kessmann.

   ———. 1862. Etude sur l’espèce à l’occasion d’une révision de la famille de Cupulifères. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 4th ser. 18: 102.

   *Candolle, Alphonse De. 1873. Histoire des sciences et des savants, suivie d’autres études sur des sujets scientifiques et particuliers sur la sélection dans l’espèce humaine. Genève, Bâle, Lyon: H. Georg. [CUL, I]

   *———. 1880. La Phytographie. Paris: G. Masson. [CUL, I]

   Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de. 1827. Organographie végétale, ou description raisonée des organes des plantes, pour servir de suite et de développement à la théorie élémentaire de la botanique, et d’introduction à la physiologie végétale et à la description des familles. 2 vols. Paris: Deterville.

   ———. 1832. Physiologie végétale, ou exposition des forces et des fonctions vitales des végétaux. 2 vols. Paris: Béchet.

   ———. 1839-40. Vegetable organography; or an analytical description of the organs of plants. Translated by Boughton Kingdon. 2 vols. London: Houlston & Stoneman.

   Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de and Alphonse de Candolle. 1824-73. Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, sive enumeratio contracta ordinum generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarum, juxta methodi naturalis normas digesta. 17 vols. Paris: Treuttel & Würtz & others.

   *Candolle, Augustine Pyramus De. 1819. Théorie élémentaire de la botanique. Paris: Déterville. [Down, pre-B, ED]

   *———. 1824-1825. Pro-dromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis. Paris: Treuttel & Würtz. [Down]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/286

   *———. 1862. Mémoires et souvenirs. Genève: Joël Cherbulier. [Down, I to FD]

   *Canestrini, Giovanni. 1870. Origine dell’uomo. 2nd ed. Milano: Gaetano Brigola. [Down]

   *———. 1877. La Teoria dell’evoluzione. Torino: Unione Tipografico–Editrice. [Down]

   *———. 1880. La Teoria di Darwin criticamente esposta. Milano: Fratelli Dumo-lard. [Down]

   Cannon, W. 1902. A cytological basis for the Mendelian laws. Bulletin. Torrey Botanical Club 29 & 30: 657 & 133–172, 519–543.

   Caplan, A. L. 1977. Tautology, circularity, and biological theory. American Naturalist 111: 390–393.

   ———. 1978. Testability, disreputability, and the structure of the modern synthetic theory of evolution. Erkenntnis 13: 261–278.

   Carl Agassiz, Jean Louis Rodolphe and Carl Vogt. 1839-42. Histoire naturelle des poissons d’eau douce de l’Europe centrale. Pt 2 by Carl Vogt, Embryologie des Salmones. 2 pts. Neuchâtel.

   *Carlier, Antoine G. 1872. Darwinism refuted by researches in psychology. London: Jarrold & Sons. [Down, I]

   Carlquist, Sherwin. 1974. Island Biology. New York: Columbia University Press.

   Carlyle, Thomas. 1843. Past and present. London.

   *Carneri, Bartholomaeus. 1871. Sittlichkeit und Darwinismus. Wien: Wilhelm Braumüller. [Down]

   *———. 1876. Gefühl, Bewußt-sein, Wille. Wien: Wilhelm Braumüller. [Down]

   Carpenter, W. B. 1860. On the origin of species. National Review 10: 188–214.

   ———. 1860. The theory of development in nature. Medico-Chirugical Review 25: 367–404.

   Carpenter, William Benjamin. 1839. Principles of general and comparative physiology. London.

   ———. 1844. Popular cyclopædia of natural science. Zoology, being a sketch of the classification, structure, distribution, and habits, of animals. 2 vols. London: Wm. S. Orr and Co.

   ———. 1845. Zoology; being a systematic account of the general structure, habits, instincts, and uses of the principal families of the animal kingdom; as well as of the chief forms of fossil remains. 2 vols. London: Wm. S. Orr & Co.

   *———. 1854. Principles of comparative physiology. 4th ed. London: John Churchill. [CUL]

   *———. 1855. Researches on the Foraminifera. [Down]

   *———. 1862. Intro-duction to the study of the Foraminifera. London: The Ray Society. [Down]

   *———. 1868. The micro-scope and its revelations. London: John Churchill & Sons. [Down]

   ———. 1873. On the hereditary transmission of acquired psychical habits. Contemporary Review 21: 295–314, 779–795, 867–865.

   *———. 1874. Principles of mental physiology. London: Henry S. King & Co. [Down, I]

   ———. 1883. Mental evolution in animals. London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co.

   *Carrière, Élie Abel. 1865. Production et fixation des variétés dans les végétaux. Paris: Libraire agricole de la Maison Rustiane. [CUL, I]

   Carson, Hampton L. 1968. The population flush and its genetic consequences. In Richard C. Lewontin, ed., Population Biology and Evolution. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.

   ———. 1970. Chromosome tracers of the origin of species. Science 168: 1414–1418.

   ———. 1971. Speciation and the founder principle. Stadler Genetics Symposia 3: 51–70.

   ———. 1973. Reorganization of the gene pool during speciation. In Newton E. Morton, ed., Genetic Structure of Populations. Honolulu: University Press of Hawaii.

   ———. 1975. The genetics of speciation at the diploid level. American Naturalist 109: 83–92.

   ———. 1976. The unit of genetic change in adaptation and speciation. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 63: 210–223.

   ———. 1990. Genetics of small populations. Science 250: 191.

   Carson, Hampton L., D. E. Hardy, H. T. Spieth, and W. S. Stone. 1970. The evolutionary biology of the Hawaiian Drosophilidae. In Essays in Evolution and Genetics in Honor of Theodosius Dobzhansky. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

   Carson, Hampton L. and K.Y. Kaneshiro. 1976. Drosophila of Hawaii: Systematics and ecological genetics. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 7: 311–345.

   Carson, Hampton L. and Alan R. Templeton. 1984. Genetic revolutions in relation to speciation phenomena: The founding of new populations. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 15: 97–131.

   *Carus, Julius Victor. 1872. Geschichte der Biologie. München: R. Oldenbourg. [Down, I]

   *Carus, Julius Victor and Wilhelm Engelmann. 1861. Bibliotheca zoologica. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [CUL]

   *Carus, Julius Victor and C.e. Ger-Staecker. 1875. Handbuch der Zoologie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [Down, first vol. only]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1399

   *Caspari, Otto. 1873. Die Urgeschichte der Menschheit. Leipzig: Brodhaus. [Down]

   Castelnau, Francis de. 1850-1. Histoire du voyage. 6 vols. Pt 1 of Expédition dans les parties centrales de l’Amérique du Sud . . . exécutée par ordre du gouvernment Français pendant les années 1843 a 1847, sous la direction de Comte Francis de Castelnau. 13 vols. Paris: P. Betrand. 7 pts.

   Castle, William Ernest. 1903. The heredity of sex. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 40: 187–218.

   ———. 1903. The laws of heredity of Galton and Mendel, and some laws governing race improvement by selection. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences pp. 223–242.

   ———. 1903. Mendel’s law of heredity. Science 18: 396–397.

   ———. 1903. Mendel’s law of heredity. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 38: 535–548.

   ———. 1905. The mutation theory of organic evolution from the standpoint of animal breeding. Science 21: 521–525.

   ———. 1906. Yellow mice and gametic purity. Science 24: 275–281.

   ———. 1911. Heredity in Relation to Evolution and Animal Breeding. New York: D. Appleton. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1052.

   ———. 1912. The inconstancy of unit characters. American Naturalist 46: 352–362.

   ———. 1912. On the inheritance of tricolor coat in guinea-pigs, and its relation to Galton’s law of ancestral heredity. American Naturalist 46: 437–440.

   ———. 1915. Mr. Muller on the constancy of Mendelian factors. American Naturalist 49: 37–42.

   ———. 1915. Some experiments in mass selection. American Naturalist 49: 713–726.

   ———. 1916. Further studies of piebald rats and selection, with observations on gametic coupling. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 241: 163–192.

   ———. 1917. Piebald rats and multiple factors. American Naturalist 51: 102–114.

   ———. 1919. Piebald rats and selection. American Naturalist 53: 369–375.

   ———. 1919. Piebald rats and selection, a correction. American Naturalist 53: 370–376.

   ———. 1919. Piebald rats and the theory of genes. Proceedings. National Academy of Sciences (United States of America) 5: 126–130.

   Castle, William Ernest and Sewall Wright. 1915. Two color mutations of rats which show partial coupling. Science 42: 193–195.

   *Caton, John Dean. 1875. A summer in Norway. [CUL, S, I]

   *———. 1877. The antelope and deer of America. New York: Hurd & Houghton. [Down]

   *Cattaneo, Giacomo. 1880. Darwinismo: saggio sulla evoluzione degli organismi. Milano: Fratelli Treves. [Down]

   Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. 2000. Genes, Peoples, and Languages. London: Allen and Lane.

   Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. and W. F. Bodmer. 1971. The Genetics of Human Populations. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company.

   Chambers, Robert. 1844. Vestiges of the natural history of creation. London: John Churchill.

   ———. 1845. Explanations: a sequel to “Vestiges of the natural history of creation”. London: John Churchill.

   ———. 1845. Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation. New York: Wiley & Putnam. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1497.

   ———. 1846. Explanations: a Sequel to “Vestiges of the natural history of creation”. New York: Wiley & Putnam.

   *———. 1847. Vestiges of the natural history of creation. 6th ed. London: John Churchill. [CUL]

   ———. 1847. Vestiges of the natural history of creation. 6th ed. London.

   *———. 1848. Ancient sea margins. Edinburgh: W. and R. Chambers. [Down, I]

   ———. 1853. Vestiges of the natural history of creation. 10th ed. London: J. Churchill.

   ———. 1884. Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation. 12th ed. London: Churchill.

   *Chapman, Henry C. 1873. Evolution of life. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott. [Down, I]

   *Chapman, John. 1873. Neuralgia and kindred diseases of the nervous system. London: J. & A. Churchill. [Down, I]

   *Chapuis, F. 1865. Le Pigeon voyageur belge. Verviers. [CUL, I, S]

   Charles de Valroger, Hyacinthe. 1873. La Genèse des Espèces: Etudes Philosophiques et Religieuses sur l’Histoire Naturelle et les Naturalistes Contemporains. Paris: Didier et Cie.

   *Charpentier, Jean De. 1841. Essai sur les glaciers et sur le terrain erratique du Rhône. Lausanne: Marc Ducloux. [Down]

   *Chaumont, Francis Stephen Bennet. 1875. Lectures on state medicine. London: Smith, Elder & Co. [Down, I]

   Chesney, Francis Rawdon. 1850. The expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris. 2 vols. London.

   Chetverikov, S. S. 1961. On certain aspects of the evolutionary process from the standpoint of modern genetics. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 105: 167–195.

   ———. 1961. On the genetic constitution of wild populations. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 105: 263–264.

   *Child, Gilbert W. 1868. Essays on physiological subjects. Oxford: Combe, Gardner, Hall & Latham. [Down, I]

   *Child, Gilbert William. 1869. Essays on physiological subjects. 2nd ed. London: Longmans, Green & Co. [Down, two copies]

   *Children, John George. 1853. Memoir of J.G. Children. Westminster: Josiah Bowyer, Nicholas & Sons, for private circulation. [Down]

   *Chun, Carl. 1880. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel, 1. Ctenophorae. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [Botany School]

   Claparède, Edouarde. 1861. M. darwin et sa théorie de la formation des espèces. Revue Germanique 16: 535, 546ff.

   Clapperton, Hugh and Richard Lander. 1829. Journal of a second expedition into the interior of Africa, from the Bight of Benin to Soccatoo. By the late Commander Clapperton, . . . to which is added, the journal of Richard Lander from Kano to the sea-coast, partly by a more eastern route. London: John Murray.

   *Clarcke, Benjamin. 1870. On systematic botany and zoology. London: J. Bale & Sons. [Down]

   *Clark, Henry James. 1865. Mind in nature. New York: D. Appleton & Co. [Down]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1343

   *———. 1878. Lucernariae and their allies. Washington: Smithsonian Institute. [Down]

   Clark, Wilfrid Edward Le Gros. 1949. History of the primates: An introduction to the study of fossil man. London: British Museum.

   ———. 1955. The fossil evidence for human evolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

   Clarke, Edward Daniel. 1810-23. Travels in various countries of Europe, Asia and Africa. London: Printed for T. Cadell and W. Davies by R. Watts Broxbourn Herts. 3 pts in 6 vols.

   *Clarke, J.w. 1880. Cattle problems explained. Battle Creek, Michigan: the author. [Down]

   Claus, Carl. 1866. Die Copepodfauna von Nizza: Ein Beitrag zur Characteristik der Arten und deren Abänderung im Sinne Darwins. In Schriften der Gesellschaft zur Befoerderung der Gesammnten Naturewissenschaften zu Marburg, Vol. 9, suppl. iss. 1. Marburg and Leipzig: N. G. Elwart.

   *———. 1871. Grundzüge der Zoologie. 2nd ed. Mauburg und Leipzig: N.G. Eltwert’sche Universitäts Buchhandlung. [Down, S]

   *———. 1876. Untersuchungen zur Erforschung der genealogischen Grundlage des Crustaceen-Systems. Wien: Carl Gerhold’s Sohn. [Down]

   *Cleland, John. 1881. Evolution, expression and sensation. Glasgow: James Maclehose. [Down, I]

   Clelland, R. E. 1923. Chromosome arrangements during meiosis in certain Oenotheras. American Naturalist 57: 562–566.

   Cloud, P. E. 1948. Some problems and patterns of evolution exemplified by fossil invertebrates. Evolution 2: 322–350.

   *Coan, Titus. 1880. Adventures in Patagonia. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co. [Down]

   *Cognetti De Martis, Salvatore. 1881. Le Forme primitive della evoluzione economica. Torino: Ermanno Loescher. [Down, I]

   Cohn, Ferdinand. 1853. On the natural history of Protococcus pluvialis. In Arthur Henfrey, ed., Botanical and physiological memoirs. London: Ray Society.

   *———. 1882. Die Pflanze: Vorträge aus dem Gebiete der Botanik. Breslau: Kern. [Down, I]

   *Colin, Gabriel Constant. 1854-1856. Traité de phys-iologie comparée des animaux domestiques. Paris: J.B. Baillière. [CUL]

   *Collett, Robert. 1880. Zoologi: Fiske. Christiania: Grøndall & Søn. [Down]

   *Collingwood, Cuthbert. 1868. Rambles of a naturalist on the shores and waters of the China Sea. London: John Murray. [CUL]

   *Columbus, Christopher. 1847. Selected letters. London: Hakluyt Society. [Down]

   *Commission, Royal. 1876. Report on the practice of subjecting live animals to experiments for scientific purposes. London: HMSO. [CUL]

   *Comstock, John Henry. 1879. Report upon cotton insects. Washington: Government Printing Office. [CUL]

   *———. 1880. Report of the entomologist of the United States Department of Agriculture for the year 1879. Washington: Government Printing Office. [CUL]

   Conklin, Edwin G. 1905. The mutation theory from the standpoint of cytology. Science 21: 525–529.

   Conolly, Arthur. 1834. Journey to the north of India, overland from England, through Russia, Persia, and Affghaunistaun. 2 vols. London.

   *Conta, Vasile. 1877. Théorie du fatalisme. Bruxelles: G. Mayolez. [Down]

   *Conybeare, William Daniel and William Phil-Lips. 1822. Outlines of the geology of England and Wales. London: William Phillips. [Down, pre-B]

   Conybeare, William Daniel and William Phillips. 1822. Outlines of the geology of England and Wales. Pt 1. London: W. Phillips.

   *Cook, James and James King. 1784. A voyage to the Pacific Ocean. London: W. & A. Strachan. [CUL]

   *Cooke, Mordecai Cubitt. 1879. Mycographia, seu Icones fungorum. London: Williams & Norgate. [Down]

   Cooper, Susan Fenimore. 1855. Journal of a naturalist in the United States. 2 vols. London: R. Bentley.

   Cope, Edward Drinker. 1868. On the origin of genera. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 20: 242–300.

   ———. 1871. The laws of organic development. American Naturalist 5: 593–605.

   ———. 1873. The method of creation of organic forms. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 12: 229–265.

   ———. 1887. The Origin of the Fittest. Place Unknown.

   ———. 1887. Theology of evolution. Philadelphia: Arnold & Co.

   ———. 1889. The mechanical origins of the hard parts of the Mammalia. American Naturalist 23: 71–73.

   ———. 1894. The energy of evolution. American Naturalist 28: 205–219.

   ———. 1896. The Primary Factors of Organic Evolution. Chicago: The Open Court Publishing Company. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2068.

   *Cotta, Bernhard Von. 1838. Die Lagerungs-verhältnisse an der Grenze zwischen Granit und Quader-Sandstein. Dresden und Leipzig: Almoldische Buchhandlung. [Down, fragment]

   Cotta, Bernhard von. 1850. Briefe über Alexander von Humboldt’s Kosmos. 2nd ed. Leipzig: T. D. Weigel.

   *Cotta, Bernhard Von. 1865. Geology and history. London: Trübner & Co. [Down]

   Cotta, Bernhard von. 1866. Die Geologie der Gegenwart. Leipzig: J. J. Weber.

   *Cotta, Bernhard Von. 1866. Die Geologie der Gegenwart. Leipzig: J.J. Weber. [CUL]

   Coues, Elliot. 1869. On variation in the genus Aegiothus. Proceedings of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences pp. 180–189.

   Couteur, John Le. 1836. On the varieties, properties and classification of wheat. London.

   Cowles, James. 1843. The natural history of man; comprising inquiries into the modifying influence of physical and moral agencies on the different tribes of the human family. London: H. Baillière.

   *Cox, Edward William. 1873. What am I? A popular introduction to the study of psychology. London: Longman & Co. [Down, I]

   Coyne, J. A. 1976. Lack of genetic similarity between two sibling species of Drosophila as revealed by varied techniques. Genetics 84: 593–607.

   Coyne, J. A., N. H. Barton, and M. Turelli. 1997. Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolution. Evolution 51: 643–671.

   ———. 2000. Is Wright’s shifting balance process important in evolution? Evolution 54: 306–317.

   Cracraft, J. and Niles Eldredge, eds. 1979. Phylogenetic analysis and paleontology. New York: Columbia University Press.

   Cramer, Pieter. 1779-91. De uitlandsche kapellen voorkomende in de drie waereld-deelen Asia, Africa en America. 4 vols. Amsterdam and Utrecht: S. J. Baalde and N. T. Gravius (Amsterdam) and Barthelemy Wild (Utrecht). Includes additional supplement.

   Crampton, Henry Edward. 1904. Experimental and statistical studies upon Lepidoptera, i: Variation and elimnation in Philosomia cynthia. Biometrika 3: 115–130.

   ———. 1905. On a general theory of adaptation and selection. Experimental Zoology 2: 425–430.

   ———. 1912. The doctrine of evolution: Its basis and scope. New York: Columbia University Press. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1980.

   ———. 1916. Studies in the variation, distribution, and evolution of the genus Partula: The species inhabiting Tahiti. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 228.

   ———. 1925. Contemporaneous organic differentiation in the species of Partula living in Moorea, Society Islands. American Naturalist 59: 5–35.

   Crantz, David. 1767. The history of Greenland: containing a description of the country, and its inhabitants. 2 vols. London: Brethren’s Society for the Furtherance of the Gospel among the Heathen. Translated from the High-Dutch.

   *Crawfurd, John. 1852. A grammar and dictionary of the Malay language. London: Smith, Elder & Co. [CUL]

   *———. 1856. A descriptive dictionary of the Indian islands and adjacent countries. London: Bradbury & Evans. [Down]

   Creed, R., ed. 1971. Ecological Genetics and Evolution. Oxford: Blackwell.

   Crèvecoeur de Perthes, Jacques Boucher de. 1838-41. De la création. Essai sur l’origine et la progression des êtres. 5 vols. Paris: Treuttel & Wurtz.

   ———. 1847-64. Antiquités Celtiques et antédiluviennes. Mémoire sur l’industrie primitive et les arts a leur origine. 3 vols. Paris: Treuttel & Wurtz [ & others].

   Crile, George W. 1933. Orthogenesis and the power and infirmities of man. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 72: 245–254.

   *Croll. 1875. Climate and time in their geological relations. London: Daldry, Isbister & Co. [Down, I]

   *Crookes, William. 1872. Psychic force and modern spiritualism. London: Longmans, Green & Co. [Down]

   Crow, James. 1979. Genes that violate Mendel’s rules. Scientific American 240: 134–143.

   Crow, James and Motoo Kimura. 1964. The number of alleles that can be maintained in a finite population. Genetics 49: 725–738.

   ———. 1970. An Introduction to Population Genetics Theory. New York: Harper and Row.

   Crow, James and N. E. Morton. 1955. Measurement of gene frequency drift in small populations. Evolution 9: 202–214.

   Cuenot, Lucien. 1851. L’Evolution Biologique: Les Faits, Les Incertitudes. Paris: Masson et Cie.

   Cullen, William. 1776-84. First lines of the practice of physic. 4 vols. Edinburgh.

   ———. 1814. Synopsis nosologiae methodicae. Auctore G. Cullen. To which is added an appendix containing a synopsis of the systems of Sauvages, Linnaeus, Vogel . . . and a translation of Cullen’s Nosology . . . by John Thomson. Edinburgh.

   Cumming, Roualeyn Gordon. 1850. Five years of a hunter’s life in the far interior of South Africa. 2 vols. London: John Murray.

   Cunningham, Joseph T. 1891. The new Darwinism. Westminster Review 136: 14–28.

   ———. 1892-1893. Blind animals in caves. Nature 47: 439.

   ———. 1893. The problem of variation. Natural Science 3: 282–287.

   ———. 1895. The origin and evolution of flatfishes. Natural Science 6: 169–177.

   ———. 1896. The utility of specific characters. Nature 54: 295.

   ———. 1900. Sexual dimorphism in the animal kingdom: A theory of the origin of secondary sexual characters. London: Adam and Charles Black.

   ———. 1921. A discussion of the evolution of adaptations and the evolution of species. London: Constable.

   ———. 1928. Modern biology: A review of the principal phenomena of animal life in relation to modern concepts and theories. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner.

   *Cunningham, Robert O. n.d. Notes on the natural history of the. []

   Curtis, John. 1824-39. British entomology; being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland. 16 vols. London: Printed for the author.

   Curtis, William. 1771. Instructions for collecting and preserving insects, particularly moths and butterflies. London.

   ———. 1772. Fundamenta entomologiae . . . being a translation of the Fundamenta entomologiae of Linnaeus. London.

   *———. 1793. The botanical magazine, or, flower-garden displayed. London: Stephen Couchman. [Down, pre-B]

   Curtsinger, J. W. 1984. Evolutionary landscapes for complex selection. Evolution 38: 359–367.

   Cuvier, Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric (Georges), ed. 1816-45. Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles. 61 vols. Strasbourg and Paris.

   *Cuvier, Georges. 1799-1805. Leçons d’anatomie comparée. Paris: Baudouin. [CUL, pre-B]

   *———. 1827. Essay on the theory of the earth, with geological illustrations by Professor Jameson. 5th ed. by Jameson 5th edn, trans. London, Edinburgh: William Blackwood, T. Cadell. [CUL, pre-B, S]

   *———. 1829. Le Règne animal. Paris: Déterville. [CUL, on B]

   Cuvier, Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric (Georges). 1805. Leçons d’anatomie comparée. 5 vols. Paris: Baudouin.

   ———. 1812. Recherches sur les ossemens fossiles de quadrupèdes: ou l’on rétablit les caractères de plusieurs espèces d’animaux que les révolutions du globe paroissent avoir détruites. 4 vols. Paris: Deterville.

   ———. 1817. An essay on the theory of the Earth. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: W. Blackwood.

   ———. 1817. Le règne animal distribué d’après son organisation, pour servir de base a l’histoire naturelle des animaux et d’introduction a l’anatomie comparée. 4 vols. Paris: Deterville.

   ———. 1817. Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire et à l’anatomie des mollusques. Paris: Deterville.

   ———. 1821-4. Recherches sur les ossemens fossiles: ou l’on rétablit les caractères de plusiers animaux dont les révolutions du globe ont détruit les espèces. 5 vols in 6. new ed. Paris: G. Dufour and E. d’Ocagne.

   ———. 1825. Discours sur les révolutions de la surface du globe . . . Paris: G. Dufour and E. d’Ocagne.

   ———. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization . . . with additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed. By Edward Griffith and others. 16 vols. London: Printed for G.B. Whittaker.

   ———. 1834-6. Recherches sur les ossemens fossiles, où l’on rétablit les caractères de plusieurs animaux dont les révolutions du globe ont détruit les espèces. 10 vols. 4th ed. Paris. Includes atlases, 2 additional vols.

   ———. 1863. The animal Kingdom Arranged after its organization . . . new ed. London: Bohn.

   Cuvier, Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric (Georges) and Alexandre Brongniart. 1825. Description géologique des environs de Paris. 2nd ed. Paris.

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Works in Darwin's private library are marked with "*". Bracketed annotations describe their condition and provenance.Key


   *Dallas, William Sweetland. n.d. A natural history of the animal kingdom. London: Charles Griffin & Co. [Down]

   Dally, Eugène. 1870. Discussion sur le transformisme. Bulletins de la Société d’Anthropologie, 2d ser. 5: 149.

   Dalyell, John Graham. 1814. Observations on some interesting phenomena in animal physiology, exhibited by several species of Planariae. Illustrated by coloured figures of living animals. Edinburgh.

   Dana, James Dwight. 1848. Zoophytes. United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838–1842, under the command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. Vol. 8. Philadelphia.

   ———. 1849. Geology. Vol. 10 of United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838–1842, under the command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. New York.

   ———. 1852. Crustacea. Vol. 13, pts 1 and 2, of United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838–42, under the command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. Philadelphia: C. Sherman.

   ———. 1853. On coral reefs and islands . . . From the author’s exploring expedition report on geology, with additions. New York: G. P. Putnam.

   *———. 1853. On the classification and geographical distribution of Crustacea. Philadelphia: C. Sherman. [CUL, I]

   ———. 1853. On the classification and geographical distribution of Crustacea: from the report on Crustacea of the United States Exploring Expedition, under Captain Charles Wilkes, U.S.N., during the years 1838–1842. Philadelphia: C. Sherman.

   ———. 1856. Science and the Bible. Bibliotheca Sacra 13: 80–129, 631–656.

   ———. 1857. Science and the Bible, pt. 2. Bibliotheca Sacra 14: 388–413, 461–524.

   ———. 1862. On certain parallel relations. American Journal of Science 84: 315–321.

   *———. 1863. Manual of geology. Philadelphia: Theodore Bliss & Co. [Down, I]

   ———. 1871. The Darwinian theory. Independent 23: 1.

   *———. 1872. Corals and coral islands. New York: Dodd & Mead. [CUL, I]

   ———. n.d. [Remarks on Archaeopteryx]. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 9: 191.

   *Dandolo, Vincenzo. 1825. The art of rearing silk-worms. London: John Murray. [CUL, pre-B]

   *Danielssen, Daniel Cornelius and Johan Koren. 1881. Zoologi: Gephyrea. Christiania: Grødahl & Søhn. [Down]

   Darden, Lindley. 1977. William Bateson and the promise of Mendelism. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science pp. 127–169.

   *Dareste, Camille. 1877. Recherches sur la production artificielle des monstruosités. Paris: C. Reinwald & Cie. [Down, I]

   Darlington, C. D. 1939. The Evolution of Genetic Systems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

   Darwin, Charles, ed. 1838-43. The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, during the years 1832 to 1836. Published with the approval of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury. London: Smith Elder & Co. 19 numbered component works in 5 parts: Birds (Gould), Fish (Jenyns), Fossil Mammalia (Owen), Mammalia (Waterhouse), and Reptiles (Bell).

   Darwin, Charles. 1839. Journal and remarks. Vol. 3 of Robert Fitzroy, ed., Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty’s Ships Adventure and Beagle. 3 vols. London: Henry Colburn. Freeman #10.

   ———. 1839. Journal of researches into the geology and natural history of the various countries visited by the H.M.S. Beagle. London: Henry Colburn. Freeman #11.

   *———. 1840-1842. The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, R.N., during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith, Elder & Co. [CUL]

   ———. 1842. The structure and distribution of coral reefs, being the first part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. Fitzroy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith Elder & Co. Freeman #271.

   ———. 1844. Geological observations on the volcanic islands visited during the voyage of H.M.S Beagle, together with some notices of the geology of Australia and The Cape of Good Hope, being the second part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. Fitzroy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith Elder & Co. Freeman #272.

   ———. 1845. Journal of researches into the geology and natural history of the various countries visited by the H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the command of Capt. Fitz Roy, R.N. 2nd ed. London: John Murray. Freeman #13. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2107.

   ———. 1846. Geological observations on South America, being the third part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt. Fitzroy, R.N. during the years 1832 to 1836. London: Smith Elder & Co. Freeman #273.

   ———. 1851. Geological observations on coral reefs, volcanic islands, and on South America. London: Smith Elder & Co. Freeman #274. See parts previously published in 1842, 1844, & 1846 (Freeman #’s 271-3).

   ———. 1851. The Lepadidæ; or, pedunculated cirripedes. Vol. 1 of A monograph of the subclass Cirripedia, with figures of all the species. London: The Ray Society. Freeman #339.

   ———. 1851. A monograph of the fossil Lepadidæ, or pedunculated cirripedes of Great Britain. Vol. 1 of [A monograph of the fossil Cirrepedes]. London: Palænotographical Society. Freeman #342.

   ———. 1851-54. A monongraph of the sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the species. 2 vols. London: The Ray Society. Component works have Freeman #339. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2104.

   ———. 1854. [A monograph of the fossil Cirrepedes]. 3 vols. London: Palænotographical Society. Component works have Freeman #342. Vol. 3 is an index to vol. 2.

   ———. 1854. The Balanadæ, (or sessile cirripedes); the Verrucidæ, etc. Vol. 2 of A monograph of the subclass Cirripedia, with figures of all the species. London: The Ray Society. Freeman #339.

   ———. 1854. A monograph of the fossil Balanidæ and Verrucidæ of Great Britain. Vol. 2 of [A monograph of the fossil Cirrepedes]. London: Palænotographical Society. Freeman #342.

   ———. 1859. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: John Murray. Freeman #373.

   *———. 1860. Het Ontstaam der Soorten (The origin of species). T.C. Winckler, trans. Haarlem: A.C. Kruseman. [CUL, I]

   *———. 1860. Über die Entstehung der Arten in Thier- und Pflanzen-Reich durch natürliche Züchtung, oder Erhaltung der vervollkommneten Rassen im Kampfe um’s Daseyn (The origin of species). H.G. Bronn, trans. Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart. [CUL]

   ———. 1861. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. 3rd ed. London: John Murray. Freeman #381.

   ———. 1862. On the various contrivances by which British and foreign orchids are fertilised by insects, and on the good effects of intercrossing. London: John Murray. Freeman #800.

   ———. 1865. On the movements and habits of climbing plants. London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green and Williams & Norgate, for the Linnean Society of London. Freeman #833.

   ———. 1868. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. London: John Murray. Freeman #877.

   ———. 1870-71. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2 vols. John Murray. Freeman #936. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2092.

   *———. 1871. De Afstamming van den Mensch (The descent of man). H. Hartog Heys van Zouteveen, trans. Delft: Van Ijkema & Van Gijn. [CUL]

   *———. 1871. L’Origine dell’uomo e la scelta in rapporto col sesso (The descent of man). M. Lessona, trans. Torino: Unione Tipografico–Editrice Torinese. [CUL]

   *———. 1872. En Naturforskares resa omkring jorden (Voyage of a naturalist). G. Lindström, trans. Stockholm: J.L. Törnquist. [CUL]

   ———. 1872. The expression of the emotions in man and animals. London: John Murray. Freeman #1141.

   ———. 1874. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 2 vols. 2nd ed. John Murray. Freeman #944.

   ———. 1875. Insectivorous plants. London: John Murray. Freeman #1217.

   ———. 1875. The movements and habits of climbing plants. 2nd ed. London: John Murray. Inlcudes appendix to preface, dated 1882. Freeman #838.

   ———. 1875. The movements and habits of climbing plants. 2nd ed. London: John Murray. Freeman #836.

   *———. 1875. Origine delle specie (The origin of species). G. Canestrini, trans. Torino: Unione Tipografico Torinese. [Down]

   ———. 1875. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. 2nd ed. London: John Murray. Freeman #880.

   ———. 1876. The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom. London: John Murray. Freeman #1249.

   ———. 1876. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. 6th ed. London: John Murray. Freeman #401.

   ———. 1877. On the various contrivances by which British and foreign orchids are fertilised by insects, and on the good effects of intercrossing. 2nd ed. London: John Murray. Freeman #801.

   ———. 1878. The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species. 2nd ed. London: John Murray. Freeman #1279.

   ———. 1880. The power of movement in plants. London: John Murray. Freeman #1325.

   ———. 1881. The formation of vegetable mould, through the action of worms, with observations on their habits. London: John Murray. Freeman #1357.

   ———. 1882. The formation of vegetable mould, through the action of worms, with observations on their habits. London: John Murray. Corrected by Francis Darwin. Freeman #1364. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2103.

   ———. 1887. The life and letters of Charles Darwin, including an autobiographical chapter. London: John Murray. Edited by Francis Darwin. Freeman # 1452. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1416.

   ———. 1888. Insectivorous plants. 2nd ed. London: John Murray. Revised by Francis Darwin. Freeman #1225. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/74.

   ———. 1892. Charles Darwin: His life told in an autobiographical chapter and in a selected series of his published letters. London: John Murray. Edited by Francis Darwin. Freeman #1461.

   ———. 1909. The foundations of The Origin of Species: Two essays written in 1842 and 1844. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Edited by Francis Darwin. Freeman #1556.

   *———. n.d. end of German translation of Beagle Journal? [CUL]

   Darwin, Charles and Alfred Wallace. 1858. On the tendency of species to form varieties, and on the perpetuation of varieties and species by natural means of selection. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 3: 1–62. Freeman #346.

   Darwin, Emma. 1915. Emma Darwin: A century of family letters. London: John Murray. Edited by Henrietta E. Litchfield. Freeman #1553.

   Darwin, Erasmus. 1789. The botanic garden; a poem, in two parts. Pt. 2 The loves of the plants. Lichfield.

   *———. 1789. The botanic garden, part 2. Lichfield: J. Jackson. [CUL, pre-B]

   *———. 1791. The botanic garden. Vol. parts 1 & 2 part 2, vol. 2. 2nd ed. London: J. Johnson. [CULR, pre-B, S; need to split up into records, or else create one composite record that has both volumes; also, does “2nd edition” apply only to volume 2?]

   ———. 1791. The botanic garden; a poem, in two parts. Pt 1. Containing the economy of vegetation. London.

   ———. 1794-6. Zoonomia; or, the laws of organic life. 2 vols. London: J. Johnson.

   *———. 1794-96. Zoonomia. London: J. Johnson. [CULR, pre-B]

   *———. 1800. Phytologia. London: J. Johnson. [CULR, pre-B, S]

   ———. 1800. Phytologia; or the philosophy of agriculture and gardening. With the theory of draining morasses, and with an improved construction of the drill plough. London.

   *———. 1803. The temple of nature. London: J. Johnson. [2 copies, one unmarked, CULR, pre-B, S]

   ———. 1803. Temple of nature; or, the origin of society: a poem, with philosophical notes. 2 pts. London.

   Darwin, Francis. 1903. More letters of Charles Darwin: A record of his work in a series of hitherto unpublished letters. London: John Murray. Edited by Francis Darwin and A. C. Seward. Freeman #1548. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1477.

   *Darwin, Robert Waring. 1786. New experiments on the ocular spectra of light and colours. London: J. Nichols. [CUL]

   ———. 1787. Principia botanica: or, a concise and easy introduction to the sexual botany of Linnæus. Newark, Lincolnshire: Allin and Co.

   *———. 1810. Principia botanica. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees & Orme. [CUL, pre-B]

   ———. 1810. Principia botanica: or, a concise and easy introduction to the sexual botany of Linnæus. 3rd ed. Newark, Lincolnshire: M. Hage.

   *Daubeny, Charles. 1826. A description of active and extinct volcanos. London: W. Phillips. [Down, pre-B]

   *Daubrée, M. 1860. Études et expériences synth-étiques sur la métamorphisme et sur la form-ation des roches cristallines. Paris: Imprimerie Impériale. [Down, I]

   d’Audebard de Férussac, Jean Baptiste Louis and Gérard Paul Deshayes. 1820-51. Histoire naturelle générale et particulière des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles. 4 vols. Paris.

   Davenport, Charles Benedict. 1907. The mutation theory in animal evolution. Science 24: 556–558.

   Davidson, Thomas William St Clair. 1851-86. British fossil Brachiopoda. 6 vols. London. Includes additional 2 vols plates.

   Dawkins, Richard. 1976. The Selfish Gene. New York: Oxford University Press.

   *Dawkins, William Boyd. 1874. Cave hunting. London: Macmillan & Co. [Down]

   *Dawson, James. 1881. Australian aborigines. Melbourne: George Robertson. [Down, I]

   *Dawson, John William. 1871. The fossil plants of the Devonian and Upper Silurian formations of Canada. London: Sampson, Low, Son & Marston. [CUL, I]

   ———. 1890. Modern ideas of evolution. London.

   de Beer, G. R., ed. 1938. Essays on Aspects of Evolutionary Biology. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

   de Beer, G. R. 1940. Embryos and Ancestors. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

   ———. 1951. Embryos and Ancestors. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

   De Beer, Gavin. 1930. Embryology and Evolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

   *De La Beche, Henry Thomas. 1824. A selection of the geological memoirs contained in the Annals of Mines. London: William Phillips. [Down, pre-B]

   *———. 1834. Researches in theoretical geology. London: Charles Knight. [CUL, on B]

   De Vries, Hugo. 1906. Species and Their Varieties: Their Origin by Mutation. Chicago: Open Court.

   ———. 1909-1910. The Mutation Theory: Experiments and Observations on the Origin of Species in the Vegetable Kingdom. Vol. 1 & 2. Chicago: Open Court. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1483.

   ———. 1910. Intracellular Pangenesis. Chicago: Open Court.

   Dean, Bashford. 1904. Evolution in a determinate line, as illustrated by the egg-cases of Chimaeroid fishes. Biological Bulletin 7: 105–112.

   Decaisne, Joseph. 1853. Plantes vasculaires (botanique, vol. 2). In Jules Sébastien César Dumont d’ Urville, ed., Voyage au Pôle Sud et dans L’Océanie sur les corvettes L’Astrolabe et La Zélée. 23 vols. Paris: Gide.

   ———. 1858-75. Le jardin fruitier du Muséum ou iconographie de toutes les espèces et variétés d’arbres fruitiers cultivés dans cet établissement avec leur description, leur histoire, leur synonymie, etc. 9 vols in 5. Paris: Firmin Didot Frères, fils & Cie.

   ———. 1860. Letter to Abbé Chaboisseau. Bulletin de la Société Botanique 7: 262–264.

   *Defrance, M. 1824. Tableau des corps organisés fossiles. Paris: F.G. Levrault. [Down, I by F.W.H.]

   Dejean, Pierre François Marie Auguste. 1825-38. Species général des Coléoptères de la collection de M. le Comte Dejean. 6 vols. Paris: Mequignon-Marvis. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2086.

   *Delage, Yves. 1881. Contribution à l’étude de l’appareil circulatoire des Crustacés édrio-phthalmes marins. Paris: A. Hennuyer. [Down, I]

   Delages, Yves and Marie Goldsmith. 1912. The theories of evolution. New York: B. W. Huebsch.

   Delamer, Eugene Sebastian. 1854. Pigeons and rabbits, in their wild, domestic, and captive states. London.

   *Delamer, Eugene Sebastian (Edmund Saul Dixon). 1854. Pigeons and rabbits in their wild, domestic and captive states. London: G. Routledge & Co. [CUL]

   Delcourt, A. and E. Guyenot. 1911. Genetique et milieu: Necessité de la détermination des conditions. sa possibilité chez les Drosophiles. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 45: 249–322.

   *Delgado, Joaquim Filippe Nery Da Encarnação. 1876. Sobre a existencia do terreno siluriano no baixo alemtejo. Lisboa: Academia Real das Sciencias. [Down, I]

   *Delpino, Federico. 1868-1874. Ulteriori osservazioni sulla dicogamia nel regno vegetale. Milano: Giuseppe Bernardoni. [CUL, S]

   Delson, E., Niles Eldredge, and Ian Tattersall. 1977. Reconstruction of hominid phylogeny: A testable framework based on cladistic analysis. Journal of Human Evolution 6: 263–78.

   Dempster, E. R. 1955. Maintenance of genetic heterozygosity. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 20: 25–32.

   Dendy, Arthur. 1911. Momentum in evolution. Report of the British Association of the Advancement of Science .

   ———. 1914. Progressive evolution and the origin of species pp. 383–397.

   *Denton, William. 1881. Is Darwin right? Wellesley, Mass.: Denton. [Down]

   Depew, D. J. and B. H. Weber, eds. 1985. Evolution at a Crossroads: The New Biology and the New Philosophy of Science. Cambridge: MIT Press.

   Depew, D. J. and B. H. Weber. 1995. Darwinism Evolving: Systems Dynamics and the Genealogy of Natural Selection. Cambridge: MIT Press.

   Deshayes, Gérard Paul. 1824-37. Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. 2 vols. Paris. Includes additional atlas.

   *Desmarest, Anselm Gaëtan. 1820. Mammalogie ou description des espèces des Mammifères. Paris: Veuve Agasse. [CUL, pre-B]

   Detlefsen, J. A. 1923. Are the effects of long-continued rotation in rats inherited? Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 42: 292–300.

   ———. 1925. The inheritance of acquired characteristics. Physiological Review 5: 244–278.

   *Devay, Francis. 1862. Du danger des mariages consanguins. 2nd ed. Paris: Victor Masson. [CUL]

   Dieffenbach, Ernst. 1843. Travels in New Zealand; with contributions to the geography, geology, botany, and natural history of that country. 2 vols. London.

   *Dillwyn, Lewis Weston. 1817. A descriptive catalogue of recent shells arranged according to the Linnean method with particular attention to the synonyms. London: John & Arthur Churchill. [CUL, pre-B]

   *Dippel, Leopold. 1872. Das Microskop und seine Anwendung. Braunschweig: F. Vieweg und Sohn. [Down]

   Diver, C. 1929. Fossil records of Mendelian mutants. Nature 124: 183.

   ———. 1936. The problem of closely related species and the distribution of their populations. Proceedings. Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences 121: 62–65.

   ———. 1940. The problem of closely related species living in the same area. In J. Huxley, ed., The New Systematics, pp. 303–328. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

   *Dixie, Florence. 1880. Across Patagonia. London: Richard Batty. [CUL, I]

   *Dixon, Edmund Saul. 1848. Ornamental and domestic poultry: their history and management. London: The Gardeners’ Chronicle. [CUL, I]

   *———. 1851. The dovecote and the aviary. London: John Murray. [CUL]

   ———. 1851. The dovecote and the aviary: being sketches of the natural history of pigeons and other domestic birds in a captive state, with hints for their management. London.

   *Dixon, Frederic. 1850. The geology and fossils of the Tertiary and Cretaceous formations of Sussex. London: R. & J.E. Taylor. [Down, I by R. Owen]

   Dixon, Frederick. 1850. The geology and fossils of the Tertiary and Cretaceous formations of Sussex. London.

   *Dobell, Horace. 1861. Lectures on the vestiges of disease. London: John Churchill. [Down, I]

   Dobzhansky, Theodosius G. 1937. Genetics and the Origin of Species. 1st ed. New York: Columbia University Press.

   ———. 1941. Genetics and the Origin of Species. 2nd ed. New York: Columbia University Press.

   ———. 1943. Genetics of natural populations, IX: Temporal changes in the composition of populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics 28: 162–186.

   ———. 1950. Mendelian populations and their evolution. In L. C. Dunn, ed., Genetics in the 20th Century: Essays on the Progress of Genetics During Its First 50 Years. New York: Macmillan.

   ———. 1951. Genetics and the Origin of Species. 3rd ed. New York: Columbia University Press.

   ———. 1955. A review of some fundamental concepts and problems of population genetics. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 20: 1–15.

   ———. 1956. The biological basis of human freedom. New York: Columbia University Press.

   ———. 1962. Mankind evolving. New Haven: Yale University Press.

   ———. 1968. Adaptedness and fitness. In R. C. Lewontin, ed., Population Biology and Evolution. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.

   ———. 1969. Biology of Ultimate Concern. New York: New American Library.

   ———. 1970. Genetics of the Evolutionary Process. New York: Columbia University Press.

   ———. 1972. Species of Drosophila. Science 177: 664–669.

   ———. 1981. Dobzhansky’s Genetics of Natural Populations. I-XLIII. New York: Columbia University Press.

   Dobzhansky, Theodosius G. and C. Epling. 1944. Contributions to the genetics, taxonomy, and ecology of Drosophila pseudoobscura and its relatives. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 554: 1–183.

   Dobzhansky, Theodosius G. and H. Levine. 1948. Genetics of natural populations, XVII: Proof of operation of natural selection in wild populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics 33: 537–547.

   Dobzhansky, Theodosius G. and Ernst Mayr. 1944. Experiments on sexual isolation in Drosophila. i. geographic strains of Drosophila willistoni. Proceedings. National Academy of Sciences (United States of America) 30: 238–244.

   Dobzhansky, Theodosius G. and J. R. Powell. 1974. Rates of dispersal of Drosophila pseudoobscura and its relatives. Proceedings. Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences 187: 281–289.

   Dobzhansky, Theodosius G. and M. L. Queal. 1938. Chromosome variation in populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura inhabiting isolated mountain ranges. Genetics 23: 239–251.

   *Dodel, Arnold. 1875. Die neuere Schöpfungs-geschichte nach dem gegenwärtigen Stande der Naturwissenschaften. Leipzig: F.U. Brodhaus. [CUL, I]

   *———. 1876. Die Kraushaar-Alge, Ulotrix zonata. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [CUL]

   *Doherty, Hugh. 1881. Philosophie organique: l’homme et la nature. Paris: Didier & Cie. [Down]

   *Dohrn, Anton. 1870. Untersuchungen über Bau und Entwickelung der Arthropoden. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [Down, I]

   ———. 1872. Der gegenwärtage Stand der Zoologie und die Gründung Zoologischer Stationen. Preussische Jahrbücher 30: 147–149.

   *———. 1881. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel 3. Pantopoda. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [Botany School]

   *Dolfuss, Gustave. 1874. Principes de géologie transformiste. Paris: F. Sary. [Down, I]

   Dollfus, Gustave-Frédéric. 1874. Principes de Géologie Transformiste. Paris: F. Savy.

   Dolomieu, Dieudonné Sylvain Guy Tancrède (Déodat) de Gratet de. 1783. Voyage aux iles de Lipari, fait en 1781; ou, notices sur les Iles æoliennes, pour servir à l’histoire des volcans; suivi d’un mémoire sur une espèce de volcan d’air, & d’un autre sur la température du climat de Malthe, & sur la différence de la chaleur réelle & de la chaleur sensible. Paris.

   *Donders, F.c. 1864. On the anomalies of accommodation and refraction of the eye. W.D. Moore, trans. The New Sydenham Society. [CUL]

   *Donn, James. 1823. Hortus Cantabrigiensis. 10th ed. London: C. & J. Riv-ington. [CUL, pre-B, ED]

   ———. 1823. Hortus Cantabrigiensis; or an accented catalogue of indigenous and exotic plants cultivated in the Cambridge Botanic Garden. 10th ed., with numerous additions and corrections, by John Lindley. London.

   *Donnegan, James. 1837. A new Greek and English lexicon. 3rd ed. London: Sipkin, Marshall & Co. [Botany School, ED]

   Dorlodot, Henri de. 1925. Darwinism and Catholic Thought. New York: Benziger Brothers.

   Doubleday, Thomas. 1842. The true law of population shewn to be connected with the food of the people. London.

   *Douglas, & Scott John, John William. 1865. The British Hemiptera. London: The Ray Society. [Down]

   *Downing, Andrew Jackson. 1845. The fruits and fruit trees of America. London: Wiley & Putnam. [CUL]

   ———. 1845. The fruits and fruit trees of America: or the culture, propagation, and management, in the garden and orchard, of fruit trees generally; with descriptions of all the finest varieties of fruit, native and foreign, cultivated in this country. London: Wiley & Putman.

   *Dowson, J. 1861. Erasmus Darwin: a lecture. London. [CUL.1900]

   Doyle, J. A. and L. J. Hickey. 1976. Pollen and leaves from the mid-Cretaceous Potomac Group and their bearing on early angiosperm evolution. In C. G. Beck, ed., Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms, pp. 139–206. New York: Columbia University Press.

   Draper, John William. 1856. Human physiology, statical and dynamical; or, the conditions and course of the life of man. London.

   *Drayson, Lieut.-Col. 1873. On the cause, date and duration of the last glacial epoch of geology. London: Chapman & Hall. [Down, I]

   *Dreher, Enger. 1877. Der Darwinismus und seine Stellung in der Philosophie. Berlin: Hermann Peters. [Down, I]

   *Drouët, Henri. 1858. Mollusques marins des îles Açores. Paris: Baillière. [CUL]

   Drummond, Henry. 1894. The ascent of man. New York: J. Pott & co.

   Drury, Robert. 1729. Madagascar: or, Robert Drury’s journal, during fifteen years captivity on that island. London.

   *Drysdale, John. 1874. The protoplasmic theory of life. London: Baillière, Tindall & Cox. [Down, I]

   *Du Bois-Reymond, Émil. 1860. Gedächtnissrede auf Johannes Müller. Berlin: Königliche Akademie der Wissenschaft. [Down]

   *Du Prel, Karl Freiherr. 1874. Der Kampf ums Dasein am Himmell. 2nd ed. Berlin: Denike. [Down]

   *———. 1880. Die Planeten-bewohner und die Nebularhypothese. Leipzig: Ernst Günther. [Down]

   *———. 1880. Psychologie der Lyrik. Leipzig: Ernst Günther. [Down]

   *Dub, Julius. 1870. Kurze Darstellung der Lehre Darwin’s. Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart. [Down]

   *Duchenne, Guillaume Benjamin. 1862. Mécan-isme de la physionomie humaine, ou analyse électro-physiologique de l’expression des passions. Paris: Jules Renouard. [CUL (Plates at Down), S]

   Duchesne, Antoine Nicolas. 1766. Histoire naturelle des Fraisiers contenant les vues d’économie réunies à la botanique; et suivies de remarques particulières sur plusieurs points qui ont rapport à l’histoire naturelle générale. Paris: Didot le jeune.

   Dufrénoy, Ours Pierre Armand Petit and Jean Baptiste Armand Louis Léonce Élie de Beaumont. 1830-8. Mémoires pour servir à une description géologique de la France. 4 vols. Place Unknown.

   *Dufrénoy, Pierre Armand and Jean Baptiste Armand Léonce Éliede Beaumont. 1836. Mémoires pour servir à une description géologique de la France. Paris: F.G. Levrault. [CUL (vols. 3 and 4 only)]

   *Duhamel Du Monceau, Henri Louis. 1755. Traité des arbres. Paris: H.L. Guérin & L.F. Delatour. [CUL, pre-B]

   Duméril, André Marie Constant and Gabriel Bibron. 1834-54. Erpétologie générale, ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. 9 vols in 10 and atlas. Paris: Roret.

   *Dumont, Léon a. 1873. Haeckel et la théorie de l’évolution en Allemagne. Paris: Germer Baillière. [CUL]

   *———. 1873. Haeckel et la théorie de l’évolution en Allemagne. Paris: Germer Baillière. [Down]

   Dumont d’Urville, Jules Sébastien César. 1830-5. Voyage de la corvette l’Astrolabe. Histoire 5 vols. 1830-5; Zoologie 4 vols. 1830–4; Botanique 1 vol. 1832; Entomologie 2 pts in 1 vol. 1832–5; Philologie 1 vol. 1833. Paris: J. Tastu.

   Dunal, Michel Félix. 1829. Considérations sur la nature et les rapports de quelques uns des organes de la fleur. Montpellier.

   *Duncan, Andrew. 1826. The Edinburgh new dispensatory. Edinburgh: Bell & Bradfute. [CUL, pre-B,]

   Duncan, James. 1840. The natural history of bees: comprehending the uses and economical management of the British and foreign honey-bee; together with the known wild species. In Vol. 38 of The naturalist’s library, edited by William Jardine. 40 vols, 1833-1843. Edinburgh: W. H. Lizars.

   *Duncan, James Matthews. 1871. Fecundity, fertility, sterility and allied topics. Edinburgh: Adam & Charles Black. [CUL, I]

   *Duncan, John Shute. 1831. Analogies of organized beings. Oxford: S. Collingwood. [Down, on B, I to Lord Widmouth]

   Duperrey, Louis Isidore. 1825-30. Voyage autour du monde, exécuté par ordre du Roi, sur la corvette de Sa Majesté, La Coquille, pendant les années 1822, 1823, 1824 et 1825. 7 vols. Paris: A. Bertrand.

   *Dupont, Edouard. 1871. L’Homme pendant les ages de la pierre. Bruxelles: Macquardt & Cie. [Down]

   *Durand, Jean Pierre De Gros. 1866. Essais de physiologie philosophique. Paris: Germer Baillière. [Down, I]

   *———. 1871. Les origines animales de l’homme éclairées par la physiolgie et l’anatomie comparatives. Paris: Baillière. [CUL]

   Dutrochet, René Joachim Henri. 1828. Nouvelles recherches sur l’endosmose et l’exosmose, suivies de l’application expérimentale de ces actions physiques á la solution du probléme de l’irritabilité végétale. Paris: J. B. Baillière.

   *Dutrochet, René-Joachim Henri. 1837. Mém-oires pour servir à l’histoire anatomique et physiologique des végétaux et des animaux. Paris: J.B. Baillière. [Botany School]

   Dutrochet, René Joachim Henri. 1837. Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire anatomique et physiologique des végétaux et des animaux. 2 vols. Paris: J.-B. Baillière. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2083.

   *Duval, Joseph. 1849. Histoire du poirier (Pyms sylvestris). Paris: De Roret. [CUL]

   *———. 1850. Histoire du pêcher et sa culture. Paris: De Roret. [CUL]

   *———. 1852. Histoire du pommier et sa culture. Paris: De Roret. [CUL]

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Works in Darwin's private library are marked with "*". Bracketed annotations describe their condition and provenance.Key


   Earl, George Windsor. 1837. The Eastern Seas; or, voyages and adventures in the Indian Archipelago, in 1832, 1833, 1834. London.

   ———. 1853. The native races of the Indian Archipelago. Papuans. London: H. Baillière.

   Earle, Augustus. 1832. A narrative of a nine months’ residence in New Zealand, in 1827; together with a journal of a residence in Tristan d’Acunha. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman.

   East, Edward M. 1910. A Mendelian interpretation of variation that is apparently continuous. American Naturalist 44: 65–82.

   ———. 1910. The role of selection in plant breeding. Popular Science Monthly 77: 190–203.

   ———. 1918. The role of reproduction in evolution. American Naturalist 52: 273–289.

   Easteal, S. 1988. Rate constancy of globin gene evolution in placental mammals. Proceedings. National Academy of Sciences (United States of America) 85: 7622–7626.

   Eaton, John Matthews. 1851. A treatise on the art of breeding and managing the almond tumbler. London.

   *———. 1852. A treatise on the art of breeding and managing tame, domesticated and fancy pigeons. London: the Author. [CUL]

   ———. 1852. A treatise on the art of breeding and managing tame, domesticated, and fancy pigeons, carefully compiled from the best authors, with observations, containing all that is necessary to be known of tame, domisticated, and fancy pigeons. London: the author.

   ———. 1858. A treatise on the art of breeding and managing tame, domestic, foreign, and fancy pigeons. London.

   *———. 1858. A treatise on the art of breeding and managing tame, domesticated, foreign and fancy pigeons. London: the Author. [CUL]

   *Ecker, Alexander. 1864-1882. Die Anatomie des Frosches. Braunschweig: F. Vieweg & Sohn. [Downsome marks by FD]

   *Edgeworth, Michael Packenham. 1877. Pollen. London: Hardwicke & Bogue. [Down]

   Edwards, A. W. F. 1967. Fundamental theorem of natural selection. Nature pp. 537–538.

   ———. 1971. Review of S. Wright, Genetics and the Evolution of Populations, vol. II, The Theory of Gene Frequencies. Heredity 26: 332–337.

   ———. 1977. Foundations of Mathematical Genetics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

   Edwards, George. 1758-64. Gleanings of natural history, exhibiting figures of quadrupeds, birds, insects, plants, &c. Most of which have not, till now, been either figured or described. 3 pts. London.

   Ehrenberg, Christian Gottfried. 1834. Über die Natur und Bildung der Coralleninseln und Corallenbänke im rothen Meere. Berlin.

   *———. 1844. Vorläu-fige Nachricht über das kleinste Leben im Weltmeer, an Südpol und in den Meeres-Tiefen. Berlin: L. Voss. [CUL, I in each part, S]

   *———. 1873. Mikro-geologische Studien. Berlin: K. Akademie der Wissenschaften. [Down, I]

   *Eichwald, Eduard Von. 1871. Geognostisch-palaeontologische Bemerkungen über die Halbinsel Mangischlak und die Aleutischen Inseln. St. Petersburg: Buchdruckerei der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaft. [CUL]

   Eimer, Gustav Heinrich Theodor. 1888. Die Entstehung der Arten auf Grund von Vererben erworboner Eigenschaften nach den Gesetzen organischen Wachsens. Jena: G. Fischer.

   ———. 1890. Organic evolution as a result of the inheritance of acquired characters according to the laws of organic growth. London: Macmillan.

   ———. 1897. Die Entstehung der Arte . . . zweiter Theil. Orthogenesis der Schmetterlinge. Ein Beweis bestimmt gerichteter Entwickelung und Ohnmacht der natürlichen Zuchtwahl bei der Artbildung. Leipzig: Engelmann.

   ———. 1898. On orthogenesis and the impotence of natural selection in species formation. Chicago: Open Court.

   *Eimer, Theodor. 1881. Untersuchungen über das Variiren der Maureidechse. Berlin: R. Stricker. [CUL, I]

   Eisley, Loren. 1958. Darwin’s Century. Doubleday: Doubleday.

   Eldredge, Niles. 1971. The allopatric model and phylogeny in Paleozoic invertebrates. Evolution 25: 156–67.

   ———. 1974. Character displacement in evolutionary time. American Zoologist 14: 1083–97.

   ———. 1974. Character displacement in evolutionary time. American Zoologist 14: 1083–1097.

   ———. 1974. Stability, diversity, and speciation in Paleozoic epeiric seas. Journal of Paleontology 48: 540–8.

   ———. 1977. Trilobites and evolutionary patterns. In A. Hallam, ed., Patterns of evolution, chap. 9, pp. 305–32. Amsterdam: Elsevier Sci. Pub. Co.

   ———. 1979. Alternative approaches to evolutionary theory. Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History 13: 7–19.

   ———. 1982. The monkey business: A scientist looks at creationism. New York: Pocket Books.

   ———. 1982. Phenomenological levels and evolutionary rates. Systematic Zoology 31: 338–47.

   ———. 1984. Simpson’s inverse: bradytely and the phenomenon of living fossils. In Niles Eldredge and Stephen M. Stanley, eds, Living fossils, pp. 272–7. New York: Springer Verlag.

   ———. 1985. Evolutionary tempos and modes: A paleontological perspective. In L. Godfrey, ed., What Darwin began: Issues in evolution, pp. 113–37. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

   ———. 1985. The ontology of species. In E. S. Vrba, ed., Transvaal Museum Monograph, 4, pp. 17–20.

   ———. 1985. Time frames. New York: Simon and Schuster.

   ———. 1985. Unfinished Synthesis: Biological hierarchies and modern evolutionary thought. New York: Oxford University Press.

   ———. 1986. Information, economics and evolution. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 17: 351–69.

   ———. 1986. Large-scale biological entities and the evolutionary process. PSA 1984 2: 551–66.

   ———. 1988. The evolutionary context of social behavior. In G. Greenberg and E. Tobach, eds, Evolution of social systems and integrative levels, pp. 19–30. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

   ———. 1989. Macroevolutionary dynamics: Species, niches and adaptive peaks. New York: McGraw-Hill.

   ———. 1991. The miner’s canary: Unraveling the mysteries of extinction. New York: Prentice-Hall Books.

   ———. 1992. Punctuated equilibria, rates of change, and large-scale entities in evolutionary systems. In A. Somit and S. A. Peterson, eds, The dynamics of evolution: The punctuated equilibrium debate in the natural and social sciences, pp. 103–20.

   ———. 1992. Where the twain meet: Causal intersections between the genealogical and ecological realms. In Niles Eldredge, ed., Systematics, ecology and the biodiversity crisis, pp. 1–14. New York: Columbia University Press.

   ———. 1993. History, function and evolutionary biology. Evolutionary Biology 27: 33–50.

   ———. 1993. What, if anything, is a species? In B. Kimbel and L. Martin, eds, Species, species concepts and primate evolution, pp. 3–20. New York: Plenum Press.

   ———. 1995. Dominion. New York: Henry Holt and Co.

   ———. 1995. Reinventing Darwin: The great debate at the high table of evolutionary theory. New York: John Wiley and Sons.

   ———. 1995. Species, selection, and Paterson’s concept of the specific-mate recognition system. In D. M. Lambert and H. G. Spencer, eds, Speciation and the recognition concept: Theory and application. Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

   ———. 1995. Species, speciation and the context of adaptive change in evolution. In D. Erwin and R. Anstey, eds, New approaches to speciation in the fossil record, pp. 39–63. Columbia University Press.

   ———. 1996. Hierarchies in macroevolution. In D. H. Erwin, D. Jablonski, and J. Lipps, eds, Evolutionary paleobiology: Essays in honor of J. W. Valentine, pp. 42–61. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

   ———. 1996. Ultradarwinian explanation and the biology of social systems. In E.L. Khalil and K.E. Boulding, eds, Social and natural complexity: Order, creativity and evolution, pp. 89–103. London: Routledge.

   ———. 1997. Extinction and the evolutionary process. In T. Abe, S. A. Levin, and M. Higashi, eds, Biodiversity. An ecological perspective, pp. 59–73. New York: Springer.

   ———. 1997. Grades, levels and ratchets in evolution. In G. Greenberg and E. Tobach, eds, Comparative psychology of invertebrates: The field and laboratory study of insect behavior, pp. 39–54. New York and London: Garland Publishing.

   ———. 1998. Life in the balance: Humanity and the biodiversity crisis. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

   ———. 1999. Cretaceous meteor showers, the human ecological “niche,” and the sixth extinction. In R. D. E. MacPhee, ed., Extinctions in near time: Causes, contexts, and consequences, pp. 1–15. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Press.

   ———. 1999. The pattern of evolution. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Co.

   ———. 2000. Biological and material cultural evolution: Are there any true parallels? Perspectives in Ethology 13: 113–53.

   ———. 2000. The triumph of evolution …and the failure of creationism. New York: Nevraumont Publishing/W.H. Freeman.

   ———. 2001. The nature and origin of supraspecific taxa revisited—with special reference to trilobita. In J. Adrain, G. E. Edgecombe, and B. S. Lieberman, eds, Fossils, phylogeny and form: An analytical approach, pp. 1–35. New York: Kluwer/Plenum.

   ———. 2001. Preserving a living fossil. In J.T. Tanacredi, ed., Limulus in the limelight, pp. 157–60. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.

   ———. 2003. The sloshing bucket: How the physical realm controls evolution. In J. Crutchfield and P. Schuster, eds, Evolutionary dynamics: Exploring the interplay of selection, accident, neutrality, and function, SFI Studies in the Sciences of Complexity Series, pp. 3–32. New York: Oxford University Press.

   ———. 2004. Why we do it: Rethinking sex and the selfish gene. New York: W. W. Norton.

   ———. 2005. Darwin: Discovering the tree of life. New York: W. W. Norton.

   ———. 2005. Darwin’s other books: “Red” and “Transmutation” Notebooks, Sketch, Essay, and natural selection. PloS Biology 3 (e382): 1001–4. www.plosbiology.org.

   ———. 2005. The dynamics of evolutionary stasis. Paleobiology 31: 133–45.

   Eldredge, Niles and J. Cracraft. 1980. Phylogenetic patterns and the evolutionary process: Method and theory in comparative biology. New York: Columbia University Press.

   Eldredge, Niles and Stephen Jay Gould. 1972. Punctuated equilibria: An alternative to phyletic gradualism. In Thomas Schopf, ed., Models in Paleobiology. San Francisco: Freeman, Cooper and Company.

   ———. 1974. Morphological transformation, the fossil record and the mechanisms of evolution: A debate. Part II. The reply. Evolutionary Biology 7: 303–8.

   ———. 1977. Evolutionary models and biostratigraphic strategies. In E. G. Kaufman and J. E. Hazel, eds, Concepts and methods in biostratigraphy, pp. 25–40. Stroudsburg, Pa: Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross, Inc.

   ———. 1988. Punctuated equilibrium prevails. Nature 332: 211–12.

   Eldredge, Niles and Marjorie Grene. 1992. Two evolutionary theories, and modern evolutionary theory. Synthese 92: 135–49.

   Eldredge, Niles and M. J. Novacek. 1985. Systematics and paleobiology. Paleobiology 11: 65–74.

   Eldredge, Niles and S. N. Salthe. 1984. Hierarchy and evolution. Oxford Reviews in Evolutionary Biology 1: 182–206.

   Eldredge, Niles and Stephen M. Stanley, eds. 1984. Living Fossils. New York: Springer Verlag.

   Eldredge, Niles and Ian Tattersall. 1975. Evolutionary models, phylogenetic reconstruction, and another look at hominid phylogeny. Contributions to Primatology 5: 218–42.

   ———. 1982. The myths of human evolution. New York: Columbia University Press.

   *Élie De Beaumont, Jean Baptiste Armand Louis Léonce. 1845. Leçons de géologie pratique. Paris: P. Bertrand. [CUL]

   Ellis, William. 1829. Polynesian researches, during a residence of nearly six years in the South Sea Islands. 2 vols. London.

   Elton, C. 1927. Animal Ecology. London: Macmillan.

   *Emery, Carlo. 1880. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel 2. Fierasfer. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [Botany School]

   Endlicher, Stephan Ladislaus. 1833. Prodromus florae Norfolkicae sive catalogus stirpium quae in insula Norfolk annis 1804 et 1805 a Ferdinando Bauer collectae et depictaenunc in Museo Caesareo Palatino rerum naturalium Vindobonae servantur. Vienna.

   *Engelmann, Wilhelm. 1846. Bibliotheca histor-ico-naturalis. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [Down]

   *Ercolani, Giovanni Battista. 1877. Sull’unità del tipo anatomico della placenta nei mammiferi e nell’umana specie e sull’unità fisiologica della nutrizione dei feti in tutti i vertebrati. Bologna: Gamberini e Parmeggiani. [CUL, I]

   *———. 1880. Nuove ricerche sulla placenta nei pesci cartilaginosi e nei mammiferi e delle sue applicazioni alla tassonomia zoologica e all’antropogenia. Bologna: Gamberini & Parmegiani. [CUL, I]

   Ereshefsky, Marc. 2001. The Poverty of the Linnean Hierarchy: A Philosophical Study of Biological Taxonomy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

   *Erichsen, John Eric. 1869. The science and art of surgery. 5th ed. London: James Walton. [Down]

   Erichson, Wilhelm Ferdinand. 1845. Report on the contributions to the natural history of insects, Arachnida, Crustacea, and Entomostraca, during the year 1842. In Reports on the progress of zoology and botany 1841, 1842. (Ray Society.). Edinburgh: Ray Society.

   *Erichson, Wilhelm Ferdinand and Carl Hermann Conrad Burmeister. 1834. Beschreibungen und Abbildungen der von Herrn Meyen auf dieser Reise gesammelten Insekten. Breslau & Bonn: Verlag der Kaiserlichen Leopoldinisch-Carolinischen Akademie der Naturforscher. [CUL, S, on B]

   Erlich, P. R. and P. H. Raven. 1965. Butterflies and plants: A study in co-evolution. Evolution pp. 586–608.

   ———. 1969. Differentiation of populations. Science 165: 1228–1232.

   *Ernest, J.a. 1816. Dictionary, Graecium lexicon. London: J. Rivington. [Botany School, pre-B, ED]

   *Errera, Léo. 1878. Sur la structure et les modes de fécondation des fleurs. Gand: C. Annot-Braeckman. [CUL, I]

   *Eschricht, Rein-Hardt Johannes Theodor, Daniel Frederick and Wilhelm Lill-Jeborg. 1866. Recent memoirs on the Cetacea. London: The Ray Society. [Down]

   Eschscholtz, Johann Friedrich. 1829-33. Zoologischer Atlas, enthaltend Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer Thierarten, während des Flottcapitains von Kotzebue zweiter Reise um die Welt, auf der Russisch-Kaiserlichen Kriegsschlupp Predpriaetië in den Jahren 1823–1826. 5 pts in 1 vol. Berlin: G. Reimer.

   *Eschwege, Wilhelm Ludwig Von. 1832. Beiträge zur Gebirgskunde Brasiliens. Berlin: G. Reimer. [CUL, on B]

   *Espinas, Alfred. 1877. Des sociétés animales. Paris: Baillière. [CUL]

   *Euripides. 1836. Hecuba. Oxford: J. Vincent, H. Slater, J. Mawman, Deighton & Sons. [CULR, S]

   Eyre, Edward John. 1845. Journals of expeditions of discovery into Central Australia, and overland from Adelaide to King George’s Sound, in the years 1840–1. 2 vols. London: T. and W. Boone.

   Eyton, Thomas Campbell. 1836. A history of the rarer British birds. 2 pts. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman.

   ———. 1838. A monograph on the Anatidae, or duck tribe. London.

   ———. 1846-53. The herd book of Hereford cattle. 2 vols. London.

   *———. 1867. Osteologia Avium. Wellington: Salop. [Down]

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Works in Darwin's private library are marked with "*". Bracketed annotations describe their condition and provenance.Key


   *Fabre, Jean-Henri Casimir. 1879. Souvenirs entomologiques, études sur l’instinct et les moeurs des insectes. Paris: Ch. Dela>. [CUL, I, S]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1403

   Fabricius, Johann Christian. 1781. Species insectorum exhibentes eorum differentias specificas, synonyma auctorum, loca natalia, metamorphosin adiectis observationibus, descriptionibus. Hamburg and Kiel.

   *Faivre, Ernest. 1868. La Variabilité des espèces et ses limites. Paris: Germer Baillière. [CUL, I]

   Falconer, Douglas S. 1960. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. Edinburgh and London: Oliver and Boyd.

   *Falconer, Hugh. 1852. Report on the teak forests of the Tenasserim Provinces. Calcutta: F. Carbery. [Down, I]

   *———. 1868. Palaeontological memoirs. London: Robert Hardwicke. [Down, I in vol. 1]

   Falkner, Thomas. 1774. A description of Patagonia, and the adjoining parts of South America. Hereford. Facsimile reprint with introduction and notes by Arthur E. S. Neumann, 1935. Chicago: Armann and Armann.

   Fallén, Carl Frederik. 1814-27. Diptera Sveciæ. 2 vols in 1. Lund.

   *Farrar, Frederic William. 1865. Chapters on language. London: Longmans, Green & Co. [Down, I]

   Fawcett, Cicely D. and Karl Pearson. 1897-1898. Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution. on the inheritance of the cephalic index. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 62: 413–417.

   *Fayrer, Joseph. 1875. The royal tiger of Bengal. London: J. & A. Churchill. [Down, I]

   *Fenwick, Samuel. 1871. The student’s guide to medical diagnosis. 2nd ed. London: J. & A. Churchill. [Down, FD]

   Ferguson, George. 1854. Ferguson’s illustrated series of rare and prize poultry, including comprehensive essays upon all classes of domestic fowl. London.

   *———. 1854. Illustrated series of rare and prize poultry including comprehensive essays upon all classes of domestic fowl. G. Ferguson. [CUL]

   *Ferrière, Émile. 1872. Le Darwinisme. Paris: Germer Baillière. [Down]

   *———. n.d. Le Darwinisme. Paris: Germer Baillière. [Down, another copy]

   *Ferris, Benjamin G. 1871. Origin of species, a new theory. Ithaca, N.Y.: Ithaca Democrat Print. [Down]

   *Fichte, Immanuel Hermann. 1867. Die Seelen-fortdauer und die Weltstellung des Menschen. Leipzig. [Down]

   Fisher, Sir, Ronald A. 1918. The correlation between relatives on the supposition of Mendelian inheritance. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 52: 399–433.

   ———. 1922. On the dominance ratio. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 42: 321–341.

   ———. 1927. On some objections to mimicry theory: Statistical and genetic. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 75: 269–278.

   ———. 1928. The possible modification of the response of the wild type to recurrent mutations. American Naturalist 2: 115–126.

   ———. 1928. Two further notes on the origin of dominance. American Naturalist 62: 571–574.

   ———. 1929. The evolution of dominance: A reply to professor Sewall Wright. American Naturalist 63: 553–556.

   ———. 1930. The distribution of gene ratios for rare mutations. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 50: 205–220.

   ———. 1930. The evolution of dominance in certain polymorphic species. American Naturalist 64: 385–406.

   ———. 1930. The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

   ———. 1934. Professor Wright on the theory of dominance. American Naturalist 68: 370–374.

   ———. 1939. Selective forces in wild populations of Paratettix texanus. Annals of Eugenics 9: 109–122.

   ———. 1941. Average excess and average effect of a gene substitution. Annals of Eugenics 11: 53–63.

   ———. 1953. Population genetics. Proceedings. Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences ser. B, 141: 510–523.

   ———. 1954. Retrospect of the criticisms of the theory of natural selection. In J. Huxley, A. C. Hardy, and E. B. Ford, eds, Evolution as a Process. London: Allen and Unwin.

   ———. 1958. The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. 2nd ed. New York: Dover Books on Science.

   Fisher, Sir, Ronald A. and C. Diver. 1934. Crossing-over in the land snail Cepaea nemoralis L. Nature 133: 834–835.

   Fisher, Sir, Ronald A. and E. B. Ford. 1926. Variability of species. Nature 118: 515–16.

   ———. 1928. The variability of species in the Lepidoptera, with reference to abundance and sex. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 76: 367–379.

   ———. 1947. The spread of a gene in natural conditions in a colony of the moth Panaxia dominula L. Heredity 1: 143–174.

   ———. 1950. The ‘Sewall Wright effect’. Heredity 4: 117–119.

   Fiske, John. 1873. Agassiz and Darwinism. Popular Science Monthly 3: 692–705.

   *———. 1874. Outlines of cosmic philosophy based on the doctrine of evolution. London: Macmillan & Co. [Down]

   *———. 1879. Darwinism and other essays. London & New York: Macmillan & Co. [Down]

   *Fitton, William Henry. 1833. Notes on the progress of geology in England. London: Richard Taylor. [Down, on B?, I]

   *Fitzgerald, Robert David. 1877-. Australian orchids. Sydney: Thomas Richards. [Botany School, I]

   Fitzroy, Robert, ed. 1839. Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty’s Ships Adventure and Beagle. 3 vols. London: Henry Colburn. Freeman #10.

   Fitzroy, Robert. 1839. Proceedings of the second expedition, 1831-36, under the command of Captain Robert Fitz-Roy, R.N. Vol. 2 of Robert Fitzroy, ed., Narrative of the surveying voyages of His Majesty’s Ships Adventure and Beagle. 3 vols. London: Henry Colburn. Freeman #10.

   FitzRoy, Robert. 1846. Remarks on New Zealand, in February 1846. London.

   *Fitzroy, Robert and Philip Parker King. 1839. Narrative of the surveying voyage of H.M.S. Adventure and Beagle. London: H. Coburn. [CULR, 2 copies of vol. 3, one marked by FD]

   *Fleming, John. 1822. The philosophy of zoology. Edinburgh: Archibald Constable & Co. [CUL, pre-B, S in both vols.]

   ———. 1822. The philosophy of zoology; or, a general view of the structure, functions, and classification of animals. 2 vols. Edinburgh: A. Constable.

   ———. 1828. A history of British animals. Edinburgh.

   *———. 1828. A history of British animals. Edinburgh: Bell & Bradfute. [CUL, pre-B]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2156

   Flinders, Matthew. 1814. A voyage to Terra Australis. 2 vols. London: G. & W. Nicol. Includes additional atlas.

   *Flourens, Marie Jean-Pierre. 1845. De l’instinct et de l’intelligence des animaux. 2nd ed. Paris: Paulin. [CUL]

   Flourens, Marie Jean Pierre. 1845. De l’instinct et de l’intelligence des animaux. Résumé des observations de Frédéric Cuvier sur ce sujet. 2nd ed. Paris.

   *Flourens, Marie Jean-Pierre. 1855. De la longévité humaine et de la quantité de vie sur le globe. Paris: Garnier. [CUL]

   Flourens, Marie Jean Pierre. 1856. Cours de Physiologie Comparée. Place Unknown.

   ———. 1864. Examen du Livre de M. Darwin sur l’Origine des Espèces. Paris: Garnier Frères.

   *Flourens, Marie Jean-Pierre. 1864. Examen du livre de M. Darwin sur l’origine des espèces. Paris: Garnier Frères. [CUL]

   *Flower, William Henry. 1870. An introduction to the osteology of Mammalia. London: Macmillan. [CUL, S]

   *———. 1879. Catalogue of the specimens illustrating the osteology and dentition of vertebrated animals contained in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. London: David Bogne. [Down]

   *Flügel, Johann Gottfried. 1838. English–German & German–English Dictionary. Leipzig: G. Liebeskind. [Down]

   *Focke, Wilhelm Olbers. 1881. Die Pflanzen-Mischlinge. Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger. [CUL, S, I]

   *Fol, Hermann. 1879. Recherches sur la fécondation et le commencement de l’hénogenie. Genève: Henri Georg. [Down, I]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1493

   *Follen, Eliza Lee. 1844. The life of Charles Follen. Boston: T.H. Webb & Co. [Down]

   Forbes, Edward. 1846. On the connexion between the distribution of the existing fauna and flora of the British Isles, and the geological changes which have affected their area, especially during the epoch of the Northern Drift. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Great Britain 1: 336–432.

   *———. 1848. A monograph of the British naked-eyed Medusae. London: The Ray Society. [Down]

   *———. n.d. On the Asteriadae found fossil in British strata. [CUL, I]

   Forbes, Edward and Robert Albert Cloyne Godwin-Austen. 1859. The natural history of the European seas. By the late Prof. Edw. Forbes . . . edited and continued by Robert Godwin-Austen. London.

   Forbes, Edward and Sylvanus Hanley. 1853. A history of British Mollusca and their shells. 4 vols. London: John Van Voorst.

   Forbes, James David. 1853. Norway and its glaciers: visited in 1851. Edinburgh.

   Ford, E. B. 1931. Mendelism and Evolution. London: Methuen.

   ———. 1937. Problems of heredity in the Lepidoptera. Biological Review 12: 461–503.

   ———. 1939. Genetic research in the Lepidoptera. Annals of Eugenics 10: 227–252.

   ———. 1940. Polymorphism and taxonomy. In J. Huxley, ed., The New Systematics. London: Oxford University Press.

   ———. 1945. Polymorphism. Biological Review 20: 73–88.

   ———. 1964. Ecological Genetics. London: Methuen.

   ———. 1965. Genetic Polymorphism. London: Faber.

   *Forel, a. 1874. Les fourmis de la Suisse. Zurich: Zurcher & Furner. [CUL, I]

   *Forster, Johann Reinhold. 1778. Observations made during a voyage round the world. London: G. Robinson. [CUL, pre-B, S]

   Forster, John Reinhold. 1778. Observations made during a voyage round the world, on physical geography, natural history, and ethic philosophy. London.

   *Forster, Thomas. 1817. A synoptical catalogue of British birds. London: Nichols, Son & Bentley. [CUL, pre-B, S Charles Darwin 1826]

   Fortune, Robert. 1852. A journey to the tea countries of China. London: John Murray.

   *Foster, Michael and Francis M. Balfour. 1874. The elements of embryology. London: Macmillan & Co. [Down]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2151

   *Foster, Michael and J.n. Langley. 1876. A course of elementary practical physiology. London: Macmillan & Co. [Down, I]

   Fourier, Jean Baptiste Joseph. 1819. Théorie du mouvement de la chaleur dans les corps solides. Paris.

   *Fournier, Eugène. 1863. De la fécondation dans les Phanérogames. Paris: F. Savy. [CUL]

   *Francisque-Michel. 1860. Du passé et de l’avenir des Haras. London & Edinburgh: Williams & Norgate. [CUL, S]

   *Frank, Albert Bernhard. 1868. Beiträge zur Pflanzenphysiologie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [CUL, S]

   *———. 1870. Die natürliche wagerechte Richtung von Pflanzentheilen. Leipzig: Hermann Weissbach. [CUL]

   Franklin, John. 1823. Narrative of a journey to the shores of the Polar Sea, in the years 1819, 20, 21, and 22. London: John Murray.

   ———. 1828. Narrative of a second expedition to the shores of the Polar Sea, in the years 1825, 1826, and 1827. London.

   Franz, Unger. 1852. Versuch einer Geschichte der Pflanzenwelt. Vienna.

   Fraser, James Baillie. 1820. Journal of a tour through part of the snowy range of the Himalaya Mountains, and to the sources of the Rivers Jumna and Ganges. London.

   Frazetta, T. H. 1970. From hopeful monster to bolyerine snakes? American Naturalist 104: 55–72.

   ———. 1975. Complex Adaptations in Evolving Populations. Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates.

   *Freke, Henry. 1861. On the origin of species by means of organic affinity. London: Longman & Co. [Down, I]

   *Frémont, J.c. 1845. Report of the exploring expedition to the Rocky Mountains in the year 1842, and to Oregon and North California in the years 1843–’44. Washington: Gales & Seaton. [CUL]

   *Frey, Heinrich. 1874. The histology and hist-ochemistry of man. A.E.J. Barker, trans. London: J. & A. Churchill. [Down]

   Freycinet, Louis Claude Desaulses de. 1824-44. Voyage autour du monde, entrepris par ordre du Roi. 9 vols. Paris: Chez Pillet aîné. Plates, 4 vols. (1824–6).

   Fries, Elias Magnus. 1846. Summa vegetabilium Scandinaviæ. Stockholm and Leipzig.

   *Fritz, Hermann. n.d. Die Beziehungen der Sonnenflecken. [Down]

   *Frohschammer, Jakob. 1868. Das Christen-thum und die moderne Naturwissenschaft. Wien: Tendler & Co. [Down]

   *From Cambridge, a Graduate. 1867. BEVERLEY, Robert Mackenzie. London: James Niskett. [Down]

   Fry, Edward. 1894-95. What are acquired characters? Nature 51: 8–11.

   Fürnrohr, August Emanuel. 1839. Flora Ratisbonensis, oder Übersicht der um Regensburg wildwachsenden Gewächse. Regensburg.

   Futuyma, Douglas J. 1979. Evolutionary Biology. Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates.

Darwin Digital Library of Evolution | Bibliography Home | PDF Version | Contact Information


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Works in Darwin's private library are marked with "*". Bracketed annotations describe their condition and provenance.Key


   *Gallesio, Georges. 1811. Traité du citrus. Paris: Louis Fantin. [CUL, pre-B but read later: S C Darwin Feb 1842]

   Galton, Francis. 1853. The narrative of an explorer in tropical South Africa. London.

   *———. 1853. The narrative of an explorer in tropical South Africa. London: J. Murray. [CUL, ED]

   ———. 1855. The art of travel; or, shifts and contrivances available in wild countries. London.

   *———. 1855. The art of travel, or, shifts and contrivances available in wild countries. London: John Murray. [CUL, I, S]

   *———. 1874. English men of science: their nature and nurture. London: Macmillan & Co. [Down, S]

   ———. 1877. Typical laws of heredity. Nature 12: 492–495, 512–533.

   ———. 1885. Inheritance and regression. Transactions of the British Association 55: 1206–1214.

   ———. 1889. Natural Inheritance. London: Macmillan.

   ———. 1894. Discontinuity in evolution. Mind 3: 362–372.

   ———. 1897. The average contribution of each several ancestor to the total heritage of the offspring. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 61: 401–413.

   ———. 1898. A diagram of heredity. Nature 57: 293.

   *Garrod, Alfred Baring. 1869. The essentials of materia medica and therapeutics. 3rd ed. London: John Walton. [Down, FD]

   *Garrod, Alfred Henry. 1881. The collected scientific papers. London: R.H. Porter. [Down]

   *Gärtner, Carl Friedrich. 1844. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Befruchtung der vollkommeneren Gewächse. Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart. [CUL]

   *Gärtner, C.f. 1849. Versuche und Beobachtungen über die Bastarderzeugung im Pflanzenreich. Stuttgart. [CUL]

   Gärtner, Karl Friedrich von. 1844. Versuche und Beobachtungen über die Befruchtungsorgane der vollkommeneren Gewächse und über die natürliche und künstliche Befruchtung durch den eigenen Pollen. In Pt. 1 of Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Befruchtung der vollkommeneren Gewächse. Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart.

   ———. 1849. Versuche und Beobachtungen über die Bastarderzeugung im Pflanzenreich. Mit Hinweisung auf die ähnlichen Erscheinungen im Thierreiche, ganz umgearbeitete und sehr vermehrte Ausgabe der von der Königlich holländischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart.

   *Gastaldi, Bartolomeo. 1865. Lake habitations and pre-historic remains. C.H. Chambers, trans. London: Longman, Green, Longman & Roberts. [Down]

   Gates, R. Ruggles. 1915. The mutation factor in evolution: With particular reference to Oenothera. London: Macmillan.

   Gaudichaud-Beaupré, Charles. 1824-44. Botanique. Vol. 4 of L. C. D. de Freycinet, ed., Voyage autour du monde, entrepris par ordre du Roi . . . exécuté sur les corvettes de S. M. l’Uranie et la Physicienne, pendant les années 1817, 1818, 1819 et 1820. 9 vols. Paris: A. Bertrand.

   *Gaudry, Albert. 1862. Animaux fossiles et géologie de l’Attique. Paris: F. Savy. [Down]

   *———. 1873. Animaux fossiles du Mont Léberon. P. Fischer & R. Tournouër. [Down, I]

   *———. 1878. Les Enchaînements du monde animal dans les temps géologiques. Paris: F. Savy. [Down, I]

   Gaudry, Jean-Albert. 1877-1883. Les Enchaînements de Monde Animal dans les Temps Géologiques. 2 vols. Place Unknown: G. Masson.

   *Gaussoin, Eugene. 1866. The island of Navassa illustrated. Boston. [Down]

   Gay, Claude. 1845-53. Historia fisica y politica de Chile: Botanica. 8 vols in 4. Paris and Santiago.

   Geddes, Patrick and J. Arthur Thomson. 1889. The evolution of sex. London: Walter Scott.

   ———. 1911. Evolution. reprint ed. London: Williams and Norgate. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1331.

   *Gee, Samuel. 1870. Auscultation and percussion. London: Smith, Elder & Co. [Down, probably FD]

   Gegenbaur, Carl. 1859. Grundzüge der vergleichenden Anatomie. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.

   *———. 1864-1872. Untersuchungen zur vergleichenden Anatomie der Wirbelthiere. Leipzig. [Down, I]

   *———. 1870. Grundzüge der vergleich-enden Anatomie. 2nd ed. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [Down, I]

   *———. 1874. Manuel d’anatomie comparée. C. Vogt, trans. Paris: C. Reinwald & Cie. [Down]

   *———. 1878. Elements of comparative anatomy. revised & with preface by E. Ray Lankester F. Jeffrey Bell, trans. London: Macmillan & Co. [Down, I markings by FD]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2158

   *Geiger, Lazarus. 1871. Zur Entwickelungs-geschichte der Menschheit. Stuttgart: F.G. Gotta’schen. [Down]

   *Geikie, James. 1877. The great ice age. 2nd ed. London: Daldy, Isbister & Co. [CUL, I, ED]

   *———. 1881. Prehistoric Europe: a geological sketch. London: Stanford. [CUL, I]

   *Gentry, Thomas G. 1876. Life-histories of the birds of eastern Pennsylvania. Philadelphia. [CUL.1900]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/1167

   Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Etienne. 1818-22. Philosophie anatomique: Les organes réspiratoires sous le rapport de la détermination et de l’identité de leur pièces ossueses. 2 vols. Paris: J. B. Baillière. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2141.

   *Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Étienne. 1830. Principes de philosophie zoologique. Paris: Pichon & Didier. [CUL]. URL http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/2163

   Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Etienne. 1833. Le degré d’influence de monde ambiant pour modifier les formes animales. Mémoires de l’Academie Royale des Sciences 12: 63–92.

   *Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, Isidore. 1832-37. Histoire générale et particulière des anomalies de l’organisation chez l’homme et les animaux. Paris: J.B. Baillière. [CUL]

   *———. 1841. Essais de zoologie générale. Paris: De Roret. [CUL, S]

   *Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Isidore. 1847. Vie, travaux et doctrine scientifique d’Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. Paris: P. Bertrand. [CUL]

   *Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, Isidore. 1854-62. Histoire naturelle générale des règnes organiques. Paris: Victor Masson. [CUL]

   Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Isidore. 1854-62. Histoire naturelle générale des règnes organiques, principalement étudiée chez l’homme et les animaux. 3 vols. Paris: Victor Masson.

   *Gérard, Frédéric. 1844. De l’espèce dans les corps organisés. Extract from d’Orbigny, Alcide Charles Victor Dessalines, ed., Dictionnaire universel d’histoire naturelle. 16 vols vols. Paris. [CUL, Darwin Offprints, General Collection 121 & 127]

   ———. 1845. Géographie zoologique. Vol. 6 of Alcide Charles Victor Dessalines d’ Orbigny, ed., Dictionnaire universel d’histoire naturelle. 13 vols. Paris. Pages 112–92. Includes atlas, additional 3 vols.

   *Gérard, R. 1879. La Fleur et le diagramme des Orchidées. Paris: Faculté de Médicine. [Down, I]

   Gerber, Friedrich. 1842. Elements of the general and minute anatomy of man and the Mammalia, chiefly after original researches. Notes and an appendix by George Gulliver. London.

   *Gerland, Georg. 1868. Über das Aussterben der Naturvölker. Leipzig: Friedrich Fleischer. [CUL, S]

   *Gervais, Paul. 1854-55. Les trois règnes de la nature: Histoire naturelle des mammifères. Paris: Curmer. [CUL]

   Ghiselin, Michael T. 1974. A radical solution to the species problem. Systematic Zoology 23: 536–544.

   Giard, Alfred Mathieu. 1874. Laboratoire de Zoologie Maritime à Wimereux. La Revue Scientifique, 2nd ser. 7: 221.

   ———. 1874. Les controverses transformistes. La Revue Scientifique, 2nd ser. 7: 25–35.

   ———. 1874. Les controverses transformistes: L’embryologénie des ascidées et l’origine des vertébrés: Kowalevsky et Baer. La Revue Scientifique, 2nd ser. 7: 33–35.

   ———. 1877. Les mathématiques et le transformisme. La Revue Scientifique, 2nd ser. 12: 771–774.

   ———. 1889. Les facteurs de l’évolution. Revue Scientifique 44: 641–648.

   ———. 1889. L’évolution des êtres organisés: Leçon d’overture. Bulletin Scientifique 20: 1–26.

   ———. 1890. Le principe de Lamark et l’hérédité des modifications somatiques. Revue Scientifique 46: 705–713.

   Giebel, C. G. 1866. Eine antidarwinistiche Vergleichung des Menschen- und der Orangschädel. Zeitschrift für die gesammten Naturwissenschaften 28: 401–419.

   ———. 1868. Der Mensch, sein Körperbau, seine Lebenstätigkeit und seine Entwicklung. Leipzig: O. Wigand.

   Gillespie, John. 1986. Rates of molecular evolution. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 17: 637–665.

   ———. 1987. Molecular evolution and the neutral allele theory. Oxford Surveys in Evolutionary Biology 4: 10–37.

   Gilman, Daniel Coit. 1899. The Life of James Dwight Dana. New York: Harper and Bros.

   Gingerich, Philip D. 1974. Stratigraphic record of Early Eocene Hyopsodus and the geometry of mammalian phylogeny. Nature 248: 107–109.

   ———. 1976. Paleontology and phylogeny: Patterns of evolution at the species level in early Tertiary mammals. American Journal of Science 276: 1–28.

   ———. 1977. Patterns of evolution in the mammalian record. In A. Hallam, ed., Patterns of evolution, as illustrated by the fossil record, pp. 496–500. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

   *Giraud-Teulon, Alexis. 1874. Les origines de la famille. Genève: by the author. [CUL.1900]

   *Girton, Daniel. n.d. The new and complete pigeon-fancier: or, modern treatise on domestic pigeons. new ed. London. [CUL]

   *Glen, William Cunningham. 1857. Collection of Poor Law Statutes. 2nd ed. London: Shaw & Sons. [Down]

   *Gloger, Constantin Lambert. 1833. Das Abänd-ern der Vögel durch Einfluss des Klima’s. Breslau: August Schulz & Co. [CUL, on B]

   Gloger, Constantin Wilhelm Lambert. 1833. Das Abändern der Vögel durch Einfluss des Klimas. Nach zoologischen, zunächst von den Europäischen Landvögeln entnommenen Beobachtungen dargestellt, mit den entsprechenden Erfahrungen bei den Europäischen Säugthieren verglichen. Breslau.

   Gmelin, Johann Georg. 1747-69. Flora Sibirica sive historia plantarum Sibiriae. 4 vols. St Petersburg.

   *Godman, Frederick Du Cane. 1870. Natural history of the Azores, or Western Islands. London: John Van Voorst. [CUL]

   Godron, Dominique Alexandre. 1849. De l’espèce considérée dans les êtres organisés, appartenant aux périodes géologiques qui ont précédé celle ou<‘> nous vivons. Mémoires de la Société des Sciences, Lettres et Arts de Nancy pp. 381–420.

   *———. 1859. De l’esp-èce et des races dans les êtres organisés et spécialement de l’unité de l’espèce humaine. Paris: J.B. Baillière et Fils. [CUL]

   ———. 1859. De l’espèce et des races dans les êtres organisés et spécialement de l’unité de l’espèce humaine. 2 vols. Paris: J. B. Baillière.

   Godron, M. Dominique Alexandre. 1848. De l’espèce et des races dans les êtres organisés du monde actuel. Mémoires de la Société Royale des Sciences, Lettres et Arts de Nancy pp. 182–288.

   Godwin, William. 1820. Of population. An enquiry concerning the power of increase in the numbers of mankind, being an answer to Mr. Malthus’s essay on that subject. London.

   Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. 1790. Versuch die Metamorphose der Pflanzen zu erklären. Gotha: Carl Wilhelm Ettinger.

   ———. 1817-24. Zur Naturwissenschaft überhaupt, besonders zur Morphologie. 2 vols. Stuttgart and Tübingen: J. G. Cotta.

   Goette, Alexander. 1875. Die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Unke (Bombinator igneus) als Grundlage einer vergleichenden Morphologie der Wirbeltiere. Leipzig: Leopold Voss.

   Goldschmidt, R. 1933. Some aspects of evolution. Science 78: 539–547.

   ———. 1940. The Material Basis for Evolution. New Haven: Yale University Press.

   Goldschmidt, Richard Benedict. 1927. Physiologische Theorie der Vererburg. Berlin: Springer.

   ———. 1938. Physiological Genetics. McGraw-Hill.

   ———. 1955. Theoretical Genetics. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

   Goldstein, Adam M. 2006. Random drift: Chance and explanation in evolutionary biology. Ph.D. thesis, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.

   *Gonne, Christian Friedrich. 1882. Das Gleich-gewicht in der Bewegung. Dresden: R.V. Zahn. [Down]

   *Gooch, Robert. 1859. On some of the most important diseases peculiar to women. London: The New Sydenham Society. [Down]

   Goodrich, E. T. 1924. Living organisms: An account of their origin and evolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

   *Goodsir, John and Harry Goodsir. 1845. Anatomical and pathological observations. Edinburgh: Miles MacPhail. [Down]

   Göppert, Heinrich Robert. 1864. Ueber die Darwinsche Tranmutationslehre, mit Beziehung auf die fossilen Pflanzen. Jahresbericht der schlesischen Gesellschaft für Vaterländische Culture 42: 39–42.

   ———. 1865. Ueber Aphyllostachys, eine neue fossile Pflazengattung aus der Gruppe der Calamarien, so wie über das Verhältniss der fossilen Flora zu Darwin’s Transmutation-Theorie. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino Carolinae germanicae naturae Curiosorum 32.

   Gosse, Philip Henry. 1840. The Canadian naturalist. A series of conversationson the natural history of lower Canada. London: John Van Voorst.

   ———. 1847. The birds of Jamaica. Assisted by Richard Hill. London: John Van Voorst.

   ———. 1851. A naturalist’s sojourn in Jamaica. London.

   *———. 1851. A naturalist’s sojourn in Jamaica. London: Longman, Brown, Green & Longmans. [CUL, S]

   ———. 1853. A naturalist’s ramble on the Devonshire coast. London.

   ———. 1856. Tenby: a sea-side holiday. London: John Van Voorst.

   *———. 1859. Letters from Alabama, chiefly related to natural history. London: Morgan & Chase. [CUL]

   *Götz, Theodor. 1853. Hunde-Galerie. 2nd ed. Weimar: Eduard Lobe. [Down]

   Gould, Augustus Addison. 1841. Report on the invertebrata of Massachusetts, comprising the Mollusca, Crustacea, Annelida and Radiata. Boston.

   ———. 1852-6. Mollusca and shells. Vol. 12 and atlas of United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838–42. Under the command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. Philadelphia.

   *Gould, Benjamin Apthorp. 1869. Investigations in the military and anthropological statistics of American soldiers. New York: Hurd & Houghton. [CUL]

   Gould, John. 1832-7. The birds of Europe. 5 vols. London.

   ———. 1838. Birds. Pt 3, no. 3 of Charles Darwin, ed., The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, during the years 1832 to 1836. Published with the approval of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury. London: Smith Elder & Co. Freeman #8.

   ———. 1839. Birds. Pt 3, no. 9 of Charles Darwin, ed., The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, during the years 1832 to 1836. Published with the approval of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury. London: Smith Elder & Co. Freeman #8.

   ———. 1839. Birds. Pt 3, no. 11 of Charles Darwin, ed., The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, during the years 1832 to 1836. Published with the approval of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury. London: Smith Elder & Co. Freeman #8.

   ———. 1839. Birds. Pt 3, no. 6 of Charles Darwin, ed., The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, during the years 1832 to 1836. Published with the approval of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury. London: Smith Elder & Co. Freeman #8.

   ———. 1841. Birds. Pt 3, no. 15 of Charles Darwin, ed., The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle, under the command of Captain Fitzroy, during the years 1832 to 1836. Published with the approval of the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty’s Treasury. London: Smith Elder & Co. Freeman #8.

   ———. 1848. The birds of Australia. 7 vols. London.

   *———. 1848. An introduction to the birds of Australia. London: Richard & John E. Taylor. [CUL, I]

   ———. 1850-83. The birds of Asia. 7 vols. London.

   *———. 1861. An introduction to the Trochilidae, or family of humming-birds. London: Taylor & Francis. [CUL, I]

   *———. 1865. Handbook to the birds of Australia. London: by the author. [CUL]

   *———. 1873. Introduction to the birds of Great Britain. London: Taylor & Francis. [CUL, I]

   Gould, Stephen Jay. 1966. Allometry and size in ontogeny and phylogeny. Biological Review 41: 587–640.

   ———. 1977. Ontogeny and Phylogeny. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

   ———. 1980. Is a new and general theory of evolution emerging? Paleobiology 6: 119–130.

   ———. 1980. The promise of paleobiology as a nomothetic, evolutionary discipline. Paleobiology 6: 96–118.

   ———. 1989. Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History. New York: W. W. Norton and Company.

   Gould, Stephen Jay and Niles Eldredge. 1977. Punctuated equilibrium: The tempo and mode of evolution reconsidered. Paleobiology 3: 115–151.

   ———. 1983. Darwin’s gradualism. Systematic Zoology 32: 444–5.

   ———. 1986. Punctuated equilibrium at the third stage. Systematic Zoology 35: 143–7.

   ———. 1988. Species selection: Its range and power. Nature 334: 19.

   ———. 1993. The majority of punctuated equilibrium. Nature 366: 223–7.

   ———. 1993. Punctuated equilibrium comes of age. Nature 366: 223–227.

   Gould, Stephen Jay and Richard C. Lewontin. 1995. The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: A critique of the adaptationist program. In Elliot Sober, ed., Conceptual Issues in Evolutionary Biology, 2nd ed. Cambridge: MIT Press.

   Gould, Stephen Jay, D. M. Raup, J. J. Sepkoski, T. J. M. Schopf, and D. S. Simberloff. 1977. The shape of evolution: A comparison of real and random clades. Paleobiology 3: 23–40.

   *Gould, William. 1747. An account of English ants. London: A. Millar. [CUL, pre-B]

   *Graba, Carl Julian. 1830. Tagebuch geführt auf einer Reise nach Färö im Jahre 1828. Hamburg: Perthes & Besser. [CUL, on B]

   Grant, P. R. 1999. Ecology and Evolution of Darwin’s Finches. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

   *Grant, Robert Edmond. 1835. Outlines of comparative anatomy. London: J.B. Baillière. [CUL]

   Gratiolet, Louis Pierre. 1854. Mémoire sur les plis cérébraux de l’homme et des primates. Paris.

   *Gratiolet, Pierre. 1865. De la physionomie et des mouvements d’expression. Paris: J. Hetzel. [CUL, S]

   *Graves, George. 1824. The naturalist’s companion. London: Longman, Hurst, Orme, Brown & Green. [CUL, pre-B, S Charles Darwin August 4th 1825]

   Gray, Asa. 1846. Explanations of the ’Vestiges’. North American Review 62: 465–506.

   ———. 1848. A manual of the botany of the northern United States. Cambridge, Mass.

   ———. 1848-9. Genera Floræ Americæ Boreali-Orientalis illustrata. The genera of the plants of the United States. 2 vols. Boston, New York, and London (Vols. 1 & 2); New York (Vol. 2).

   ———. 1854-6. Botany. Phanerogamia. United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838–42, under the command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N., vol. 14. Vol. 1 (no more published) and atlas. Philadelphia: C. Sherman.

   *———. 1856. Manual of the botany of the northern United States. 2nd ed. New York. [CUL]

   ———. 1856. Manual of the botany of the northern United States: second edition; including Virginia, Kentucky, and all east of the Mississippi: arranged according to the natural system. New York: George P. Putnam.

   *———. 1857. First lessons in botany and vegetable physiology. New York: G.P. Putnam & Co., and Ivison & Phinney. [CUL, I]

   ———. 1857. First lessons in botany and vegetable physiology, illustrated by over 360 wood engravings, from original drawings, by Isaac Sprague. To which is added a copious glossary, or dictionary of botanical terms. New York: G. P. Putnam; Ivison & Phinney.

   ———. 1858. Introduction to structural and systematic botany, and vegetable physiology, being a fifth and revised edition of the botanical text-book. New York: Ivison & Phinney.

   ———. 1862. Address of George Bentham, esq. American Journal of Science 84: 286.

   ———. 1862. Fertilization of orchids through the agency of insects. American Journal of Science 84: 420–429.

   *———. 1872. Botany for young people: part 2, How plants behave. New York & Chicago: Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co. [CUL, I]

   ———. 1873. Address of Professor Asa Gray. Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science 21: 1–31.

   ———. 1876. Darwiniana. New York: Appleton.

   *———. 1876. Darwiniana. New York: D. Appleton & Co. [CUL]

   *———. 1880. Natural science and religion. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. [CUL, I]

   ———. 1880. Natural Science and Religion: Two Lectures Delivered to the Theological School of Yale College. New York: C. Scribner’s Sons.

   Gray, Asa and Jean Louis Rudolphe Agassiz. n.d. [Asa Gray and Louis Agassiz debate evolution]. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 4.

   *Gray), British Museum (J.e. 1843. List of the specimens of Mammalia in the collection of the British Museum. London: by order of the Trustees. [CUL]

   Gray, George Robert. 1840. A list of the genera of birds, with an indication of the typical species of each genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor.

   ———. 1844-9. The genera of birds: comprising their generic characters, and notice of the habits of each genus, and an extensive list of species referred to their several genera. Illustrated by David William Mitchell. 3 vols. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

   *———. 1871. A fascicle of the birds of China. London. [Down, I]

   *Gray, Henry. 1869. Anatomy, descriptive and surgical. 5th ed. London: Longmans, Green & Co. [Down, probably FD]

   Gray, John Edward. 1830-5. Illustrations of Indian zoology; chiefly selected from the collection of Major general Hardwicke. 2 vols. London: Treuttel, Wurtz, Treuttel, Jun. and Richter.

   *———. 1831. Synopsis reptilium. London: Treuttel, Wurtz & Co. [Down, S]

   ———. 1846. Gleanings from the menagerie and aviary at Knowsley Hall. Knowsley.

   ———. 1850. Gleanings from the menagerie and aviary at Knowsley Hall. Hoofed quadrupeds. Knowsley.

   ———. 1852. Molluscorum Britanniæ Synopsis. A synopsis of the Mollusca of Great Britain, arranged according to their natural affinities and anatomical structure. By William Elford Leach. London.

   ———. 1855. Catalogue of Pulmonata or airbreathing Mollusca in the collection of the British Museum. Pt 1. London.

   Gray, John Edward and George Robert Gray, eds. 1846. Catalogue of the specimens and drawings of mammalia and birds of Nepal and Thibet, presented by B. H. Hodgson . . . to the British Museum. London: Printed by order of the Trustees.

   Gray, Samuel Frederick. 1821. A natural arrangement of British plants, according to their relations to each other. With an introduction to botany, in which the terms newly introduced are explained. 2 vols. London: Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy.

   *Green, Charles. 1842. The history, antiquities, and geology, of Bacton, in Norfolk. Norwich: Josiah Fletcher. [CUL, I Charles Darwin from C. Lyell]

   Greene, Joseph Reay. 1859-61. Manual of the animal kingdom. Pt 1: Protozoa. Pt 2: Coelenterata. London.

   *———. 1861. A manual of the sub-kingdom Coelenterata. London: Longman, Green, Longman & Roberts. [Down, I]

   *Greenwell, William. n.d. British barrows. Oxford: The Clarendon Press. [together with]

   *Greg, William Rathbone. 1863. The creed of Christendom. London: Trübner & Co. [Down]

   *———. 1872. Enigmas of life. London: Trübner & Co. [Down, I]

   Grenier, Jean Charles Marie and Dominique Alexandre Godron. 1848-56. Flore de France, ou déscription des plantes qui croissent naturellement en France et en Corse. 3 vols. Paris: J. B. Baillière.

   Grey, George. 1841. Journals of two expeditions of discovery in north-west and western Australia, during the years 1837, 38, and 39. 2 vols. London: T. and W. Boone.

   Griesbach, August. 1864. Die georaphische Verbreitung der Pflanzen Westindiens. Abhandlungen der Königlichen der Wissenschafte zu Göttingen p. 67.

   Griffith, Edward. 1827-35. The animal kingdom arranged in conformity with its organization, by the Baron Cuvier, . . . with additional descriptions of all the species hitherto named, and of many not before noticed. 16 vols. London: G.B. Whittaker.

   Griffith, William. 1847. Journals of travels in Assam, Burma, Bootan, Affghanistan, and the neighbouring countries. In Posthumous papers bequeathed to the honorable the East Indian Company . . . Edited by John M’Clelland. Calcutta.

   Grisebach, August Heinrich Rudolph. 1843-4. Spicilegium florae Rumelicae et Bithynicae exhibens synopsin plantarum quas aest. 1839 legit. 2 vols. Brunswick: F. Vieweg.

   *Grobben, Carl. 1878. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Männlichen Geschlechtsorgane der Dekapoden. Wien: Alfred Hölder. [Down, I]

   *Grove, William Robert. 1862. The correlation of physical forces. 4th ed. London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green. [Down, S]

   Gubler, Adolphe. 1862. Préface d’une réforme des espèces fondée sur le principe de la variabilité restreinte des types organiques, en rapport avec leur faculté d’adaption aux milieux. Bulletin de la Société Botanique 9: 264.

   Gulick, A. 1932. Biological peculiarities of oceanic islands. Quarterly Review of Biology 7: 405–427.

   Gulick, J. T. 1872. On diversity of evolution under one set of external conditions. Journal of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology) 11: 496–505.

   ———. 1888. Divergent evolution through cumulative segregation. Journal of the Linnean Society of London (Zoology) 20: 189–274, 312–380.

   *Günther, Albert. 1869. The reptiles of British India. London: The Ray Society. [Down]

   *———. 1871. Description of Ceratodus. London: Taylor & Francis. [Down]

   *———. 1877. The gigantic land-tortoises (living and extinct) in the collection of the British Museum. London: by order of the Trustees. [Down]

   *———. 1880. An introduction to the study of fishes. Edinburgh: Adam & Charles Black. [Down, I]

   Günther, Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf. 1853. Die Fische des Neckars, untersucht und beschreiben von A. Günther. Stuttgart.

   Guppy, Henry Brougham. 1906. Observations of a naturalist in the Pacific between 1896-1899. 2 vols. London: Macmillan.

   ———. 1917. Plants, seeds and currents in the West Indies. London: Williams and Norgate.

   ———. 1917-1920. Plant distribution from the standpoint of an idealist. Journal of the Linnean Society of London (Botany) 44: 439–472.

   *Guthrie, Malcolm. 1879. On Mr Spencer’s formula of evolution. London: Trübner & Co. [Down, I markings by FD]

   *Guy, William a. 1861. Principles of forensic medicine. 2nd ed. London: Henry Renshaw. [Down, FD]

   Gyllenhaal, Leonhard. 1808-27. Insecta Suecica. 1 vol. in 4. Skara and Leipzig.

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Works in Darwin's private library are marked with "*". Bracketed annotations describe their condition and provenance.Key


   *Haast, Julius Von. 1879. Geology of the provinces of Canterbury and Westland, New Zealand. Christchurch: The Times Office. [Down]

   *Haberlandt, Gottlieb. 1877. Die Schutzein- richtungen in der Entwickelung der Keimpflanze. Wien: Carl Gerold’s Sohn. [Down, I]

   *———. 1877. Die Schutzein-richtungen in der Entwickelung der Keimpflanze. Wien: Carl Gerold’s Sohn. [CUL]

   *———. 1881. Vergleichende An-atomie der assimilatorischen Gewebesystem. Berlin: G. Bernstein. [Down, I]

   *Haeckel, Ernst. 1862. Die Radiolarien. Berlin: Georg Reimer. [Down, I]

   *———. 1866. Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. Berlin: Georg Reimer. [CUL, I in vol. 1]

   *———. 1868. Natürliche Schöpfungs-geschichte. Berlin: Georg Reimer. [CUL, I]

   *———. 1869. Zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Siphonophoren. Utrecht: C. Van der Post Jr. [CUL]

   *———. 1870. Natürliche Schöpfungs-geschichte. 2nd ed. Berlin: Georg Reimer. [Down, I]

   *———. 1872. Die Kalkschwämme. Berlin: Georg Reimer. [CUL, I in vol. 1]

   *———. 1872. Natürliche Schöpfungs-geschichte. 3rd ed. Berlin: Georg Reimer. [Down, I]

   *———. 1873. Natürliche Schöpfungs-geschichte. 4th ed. Berlin: Georg Reimer. [Down, I]

   *———. 1874. Anthropogenie oder Ent-wickelungsgeschichte des Menschen. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [Down]

   *———. 1874. Natürliche Schöpfungs-geschichte. 5th ed. Berlin: Georg Reimer. [Down, I]

   *———. 1875. Arabische Korallen. Berlin: Georg Reimer. [Down]

   *———. 1876. The history of creation. 2 vols. revised E.R. Lankester, trans. London: Henry King & Co. [CUL, S in both vols.]

   *———. 1877. Anthropogenie oder Ent-wickelungsgeschichte des Menschen. 3rd ed. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. [Down, I]

   *———. 1877. Studien zur Gastraea-Theorie. Jena: Hermann Dufft. [Down, I]

   *———. 1878. Das Protistenreich. Leipzig: E. Günther. [Down]

   *———. 1878. Freie Wissenschaft und freie Lehre. Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart. [Down, I]

   *———. 1879. The evolution of man. London: C. Kegan Paul & Co. [Down]

   *———. 1879. Freedom in science and teaching. London: C. Kegan Paul & Co. [Down]

   *———. 1879. Gesammelte populäre Vor-träge aus dem Gebiete der Entwick-elungslehre. Bonn: Emil Strauss. [Down, I]

   *———. 1879. Les Preuves du trans-formisme, réponse à Virchow. J. Soury, trans. Paris: Germer Baillière & Cie. [CUL, I]

   *———. 1879. Natürliche Schöpfungs-geschichte. 7th ed. Berlin: Georg Reimer. [Down, I]

   *———. 1879-1880. Das System der Medusen. Jena: Friedrich Manke. [Down, I]

   Haeckel, Ernst Heinrich Phillip August. 1866. Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. 2 vols. Berlin: G. Reimer.

   ———. 1868. Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. Berlin: G. Reimer.

   ———. 1873. Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte, gemeinverständliche wissenschaftliche Vorträge über die Entwickelungslehre in Allegmeinen und die jenige von Darwin, Goethe, Lamark im Besonderen. Berlin: Reimer.

   ———. 1874. Antropologie; oder Entwickelungsgeschechte des Menschens . . . Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.

   ———. 1874. Die Gastraea-Theorie, die phylogenetische Classification des Thierreichs und die Homologie der Keimblätter. Jenaische Zietschrift für Naturwissenschaft 8: 1–55.

   ———. 1875. Die Gastrula und Eifurchung der Theirre. Jenaische Zietschrift für Naturwissenschaft 9: 454–456.

   ———. 1875. Ziele und Wege der heutigen Entwicklungsgeschichte. Jenaische Zietschrift für Naturwissenschaft Supplement 10.

   ———. 1876. Die Perigenesis der Plastidule oder die Wellenzeugung der Lebenstheilchen. Berlin: Reimer.

   ———. 1876. The history of creation: Or the development of the Earth and its inhabitants by the action of natural causes. A popular exposition of the doctrine of evolution in general and of that of Darwin, Goethe, and Lamark in particular. 2 vols. New York: Appleton.

   ———. 1877. Die heutige Entwicklungslehre im Verhältnis zur Gesammtwissenschaft. Amtlicher Berichte der Versammlung Deutscher Naturforscher und Aertze zu München pp. 15–16.

   ———. 1879. The evolution of Man: A population exposition of the principal points of human ontogeny and phylogeny. New York: Appleton.

   ———. 1883. History of Creation. London: Kegan Paul, Trench.

   ———. 1898. The last link: Our present knowledge of the descent of man. London: A. and C. Black.

   ———. 1900. The riddle of the universe at the close of the nineteenth century. London: Watts.

   ———. 1907. The evolution of Man: A population exposition of the principal points of human ontogeny and phylogeny. London: Watts.

   Haeckel, Ernst Heinrich Phillip August, August Weismann, and Arthur J. Thomson. 1917. Evolution in modern thought. New York: Boni and Liveright.

   Hagedoorn, A. L. and A. C. Hagedoorn. 1914. Studies on variation and selection. Zeitschrift für Induktive Abstammungs und Vererbungslehre 11: 145–183.

   ———. 1921. The Relative Value of the Processes Causing Evolution. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.

   *Hagen, Hermann. 1876. On some insect deformities. Cambridge, Mass.: University Press. [Down, I by A. Agassiz]

   *Hahn, Otto. 1879. Die Urzelle. Tübingen: H. Laupp. [Down, I]

   *———. 1880. Die Meteorite (Chondrite) und ihre Organismen. Tübingen: H. Laupp. [Down]

   Haken, Johann Christian Ludwig. 1805. Robinsons des Jüngern, Beschreibung seiner Reise nach Otahite und den Südsee-Inseln. Ein nützliches Lesebuch für dieJugend. Altona.

   Haldane, J. B. S. 1924. A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection. part I. Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 23: 19–41.

   ———. 1924. A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection. part II. the influence of partial self-fertilisation, inbreeding, assortative mating, and selective fertilization on the composition of mendelian popuations, and on natural selection. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Biological Sciences 1: 158–163.

   ———. 1926. A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection. part III. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 23: 363–372.

   ———. 1927. A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection. part V. selection and mutation. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 23: 833–844.

   ———. 1929. Natural selection. Nature 124: 444.

   ———. 1929. The species problem in light of genetics. Nature 124: 514–516.

   ———. 1930. A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection. part VI. isolation. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 26: 220–230.

   ———. 1930. A ma